单项填空指导.doc

高三英语学法指导与语法难点(六)
撰稿：李俊和编审：毕勤责编：隋瑜
一、单项填空题的复习与应试英语的基础知识主要是词汇和语法知识。英语高考的各个题型都渗透着对基础知识的检测，单项填空是较为集中考查如何运用基础知识的题型之一。用考试大纲上的话来说就是"测试考生对英语语法、词汇知识和简单表达形式的掌握情况"。简单表达形式要表达的内涵非常丰富，不仅可考查习语，还可考查如省略、口语中的交际用语等，这就突出了对语言的交际能力的考查。高考的单项填空共15个题，计15分。考察的四项要点是语法知识，词语辨析，口语交际和惯用法。一个小题考查多项知识是很普遍的现象，而且有的题还设两空。高考单选以涉及动词的题为主，辨析题常是短语动词的辨析。每年的题虽以基础题为多数，但总有个别怪题出现。做好单选题的关键是仔细看题干，不要只读带空格的那一句。要瞻前顾后，上挂下连，首尾呼应。含两个空的题，先确定有把握的那一个。要根据平时做题经验，努力找出命题的意图。审题时要注意情感分析，交际原则，不可死扣语法规则。总复习时适量练习单选是对的，因为单选练好了对完型也有好处。但不可花过多时间。要以练中低档题为主，偏难偏怪的题可不做，更不要仔细钻研，因为有的题是无理可讲的。要以记忆句型为主，背句型好处甚多。同时努力记住错题，力争不让同一块石头第二次绊倒。平时练好动词填空和提高观察分析能力也是意义重大的。二、语法知识易错点1.注意以下几组词组的区别。1)forgettodo,forgetdoingDon'tforgettoclosethedoorbeforeyouleave.2)remembertodo,rememberdoingRemembertohandinyourhomeworkafteryougettoschool.3)regrettodo,regretdoingIregrettedtellinghimthenews.4)meantodo,meandoingDifficulthomeworkmeansstayinguplate.5)stoptodo,stopdoingHestoppedreadingandtookarest.6)trytodo,trydoingHetriedtohelpme,butfailed.误：Iregrettellingyouthatyouarefired.正：Iregrettotellyouthatyouarefired.2.todo和doing做主语的区别。doing表抽象和泛指的动作。todo表具体的一次性行为。Swimmingismyhobby.3.引导时间状语从句的连词。when,whenever,as,while,before,after,assoonas,till,until,eversince,immediately,once,themoment,thesecond,theinstant,directly.误：Iwilltellhimthenewswhenimmediatelyhecomes.正：Iwilltellhimthenewsimmediatelyhecomes.4.引导地点状语从句的连词。where,wherever。如：Wherethereiswater,thereislife.5.引导原因状语从句的连词。because,as,since,nowthat,for。如：Ididn'tgotoschool,forIwasill.SinceIwasill,Ididn'tgotoschool.AsIwasill,Ididn'tgotoschool.Ididn'tgotoschoolbecauseIwasill.Nowthatyouhavefinishedthework,youarefreetodowhatyoulike.6.引导目的状语从句的连词。sothat,inorderthat,forfearthat,incase误：Heexplainedagainandagainforfearthatshemisunderstandshim.正：Heexplainedagainandagainforfearthatsheshouldmisunderstandhim.7.引导结果状语从句的连词。sothat,so…that…,such…that…误：Igotupearly,sothatIcouldcatchthebus.正：Igotupearly,sothatIcaughtthebus.误：There'resuchmanypeoplethatIcannotmove.正：There'resomanypeoplethatIcannotmove.8.引导条件状语从句的连词。if,unless,aslongas,solongas,incaseAs