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宾语从句:宾语从句是英语复合句中的其中非常重要的从句之一。它是用一个句子做另一个句子的宾语,将这个句子叫做宾语从句。宾语从句做介词或及物动词的宾语。现在从下面几个方面总结归纳如下:Iheardthathewouldcomeherelateron.(作动词heard的宾语)Hesaidnothingaboutwhobrokethewindowlastnight.(作介词about的宾语)注意:学习宾语从句要抓住三要素:连接词、语序和时态一.连接词1.从句为陈述句,常选择连接词that或将that省略,直接与主句相连。由that引导的陈述句性的宾语从句,在很多动词如say,think,wish,hope,see,believe,agree,expect,hear,feel等动词后。连词that只起连接作用,在从句中不做句子的成分,也无词汇意义,在口语中常被省略,但在大多数情况下还是以不省为好,特别是在笔语中。Itoldhimthathewaswrong.1)注意:在think,believe,suppose,expect等动词引起的宾语从句中,有时谓语尽管是否定意义,却不用否定形式,而将think等动词变为否定形式。例:Idon’tthinkyouareright.(我认为你做的不对)False:Ithinkhedoesn’tliketheEnglishteacher.Ryight:Idon’tthinkhelikestheEnglishteacher.2)注意:在许多带有复合宾语的句子中,that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子的后面,而用it做形式宾语。例:Wethinkitwrongthathetoldalietoeveryone(我认为他向每一个人撒谎是错误的)2.从句为一般疑问句,常选择连接词if或whether。Whether,if(是否)在从句中不做句子的成分,一般情况下,whether和if可以替换。Idon’tknowif/whetherhewillcometomorrow.Theteacheraskedif/whetherwehadfinishedthejob.注意:1)在whether„ornot结构中不能用if替换。Idon’tknowwhetherthemoviestarwillcomeornot.2)在不定式前只能用whether.如:Ican’tdecidewhethertostay.我不能决定是否留下。3)在介词后面的宾语从句中不用if引导Everythingdependsonwhetherwehaveenoughmoney3.从句为特殊疑问句,常选择what,when,where,which,who,how等的疑问代词、副词作连接词。它们在句中即有连接从句的作用,又在句中充当句子的成分。Doyouknowwhichfilmtheyaretalkingabout?(which做定语)Idon’tknowwherehelives.(where做地点状语)1)注意:当who为主语时,句式为:who+谓语+其他Hewantedtoknowwhohadn’tpassedtheexam.2)注意:宾语从句必须用陈述语序。Ibelievethattheywillcomesoon.HeaskedmewhetherIwasateacher.TheywantedtoknowwhattheycandoforusFalse:Hewonderswhencanhefinishthisdifficultjob.Right:Hewonderswhenhecanfinishthisdifficultjob.二.判断时态情况:1.主句是一般现在时,从句为各种时态情况。Shesaysthatsheisastudent.ShesaysthatshecansingasonginEnglish.Hesays(that)hewillleaveamessageonmydesk.Theyknow(that)heisworkinghard.Shesaysthatshehasfinishedherhomeworkalready.2.主句是一般过去时,从句为各种相应过去时态Shesaidthatshewasastudent.ShesaidthatshecouldsingasonginEnglish.ShesaidthatshewouldflytoJapaninaweek.Shesaidthatshehadfinishedherhomeworkalready.False:Hewantedtoknowwhyheiscryinginthecorner.Right:Hewantedtoknowwhyhewascryinginthecorner.注意:如果宾语从句说的