高考英语语法 非谓语动词课件.ppt

语法infinitive不定式的结构形式不定式的用法(1)作主语不定式短语作主语时往往放在谓语之后用it作形式主语。不定式作表语1.主语是不定式(表示条件)表语也是不定式(表示结果)Toseeistobelieve.Toworkmeanstoearnaliving.2.主语是以aimdutyhopeideahappinessjobplanproblempurposethingwish等为中心的名词或以what引导的名词性从句不定式表语对主语起补充说明作用Hiswishistobuyacarinthenearfuture.WhatIwanttosayistogetridoftheplanforever.不定式作宾语有两种：一种是及物动词后直接跟带to的不定式；另一种是“动词＋疑问词＋带to的不定式”1.动词＋带to的不定式结构能跟动词不定式的动词常见的有：wantlikeprefertryaskaffordagreedetermineexpectfailhopeintendmanagemean(想要)offer(表示愿意做…)pretendpromiserefuseseek(试图)undertakewish(想要)等。Iexpecttoseeyoutomorrow.HeofferedtohelpmewithmyEnglish.2.动词＋疑问代(副)词＋不定式常见的有：advisedecidediscussfindoutforgetknowlearnrememberseeteachtellthinkunderstandwonder等。疑问代(副)词有whatwhenwherewhichhowwhether等但不包括whyHedoesnotknowhowtogotherewhentospeakbeforeus.who(m)tovisit.whichonetochoose.Youcandecidewhethertogoorstayhere.whentoseeadoctor.Heaskedmetodotheworkwithhim．但是在feelhearlistentolookatnoticeobserveseewatchhave1etmake等词后的补足语中不定式不带to。但变成被动语态时被省的to必须加上。e.g.Whentheywereyoungheoftenmadehislittlesistercrybutnowheismadetodothisorthatbyhissister.不定式作定语不定式作定语修饰名词或代词时后置Ihavesomethingtotellyou.如果不定式动词是不及物动词要在动词后加上相应的介词:Ihadgotnoplacetolivein.Thatgirlhasnothingtoworryabout.Shehasfourchildrentolookafter.Ineedsomepapertowriteon.Iwantapentowritewith.2.所修饰的名词前有thefirst/last/nexttheonlythebestthemost等序数词或最高级等修饰语时用不定式作定语。不定式修饰somethinganythingnothing.Iwantsomethingtoread.Heistheonlypersontoknowthetruth.作状语:表示目的\结果或原因等.1.表目的:常用的结构有:todo/inorderto/soastoTocatchthebusIhavetogetupearly.Shecheckedthenamescarefullysoastoavoidemistakes.Inordertoarrivebeforedarkwestartedearly.2.表示结果Th