高考英语语法 非谓语动词课件.rar

语法infinitive不定式的结构形式不定式的用法(1)作主语不定式短语作主语时，往往放在谓语之后，用it作形式主语。不定式作表语1.主语是不定式(表示条件)，表语也是不定式(表示结果)Toseeistobelieve.Toworkmeanstoearnaliving.2.主语是以aim,duty,hope,idea,happiness,job,plan,problem,purpose,thing,wish等为中心的名词，或以what引导的名词性从句，不定式表语对主语起补充说明作用Hiswishistobuyacarinthenearfuture.WhatIwanttosayistogetridoftheplanforever.不定式作宾语有两种：一种是及物动词后直接跟带to的不定式；另一种是“动词＋疑问词＋带to的不定式”1.动词＋带to的不定式结构能跟动词不定式的动词，常见的有：want,like,prefer,try,ask,afford,agree,determine,expect,fail,hope,intend,manage,mean(想要),offer(表示愿意做…),pretend,promise,refuse,seek(试图),undertake,wish(想要)等。Iexpecttoseeyoutomorrow.HeofferedtohelpmewithmyEnglish.2.动词＋疑问代(副)词＋不定式常见的有：advise,decide,discuss,findout,forget,know,learn,remember,see,teach,tell,think,understand,wonder等。疑问代(副)词有what,when,where,which,how,whether等，但不包括why，Hedoesnotknowhowtogotherewhentospeakbeforeus.who(m)tovisit.whichonetochoose.Youcandecidewhethertogoorstayhere.whentoseeadoctor.Heaskedmetodotheworkwithhim．但是在feel,hear,listento,lookat,notice,observe,see,watch,have,1et,make等词后的补足语中，不定式不带to。但变成被动语态时,被省的to必须加上。e.g.Whentheywereyoung,heoftenmadehislittlesistercrybutnowheismadetodothisorthatbyhissister.不定式作定语不定式作定语修饰名词或代词时后置Ihavesomethingtotellyou.如果不定式动词是不及物动词，要在动词后加上相应的介词:Ihadgotnoplacetolivein.Thatgirlhasnothingtoworryabout.Shehasfourchildrentolookafter.Ineedsomepapertowriteon.Iwantapentowritewith.2.所修饰的名词前有thefirst/last/next,theonly,thebest,themost等序数词或最高级等修饰语时，用不定式作定语。不定式修饰something,anything,nothing.Iwantsomethingtoread.Heistheonlypersontoknowthetruth.作状语:表示目的\结果或原因等.1.表目的:常用的结构有:todo/inorderto/soastoTocatchthebus,Ihavetogetupearly.Shecheckedthenamescarefullysoastoavoidemistakes.Inordertoarrivebeforedark,westartedearly.2.表示结果Theboyisoldenoughtogotoschool.Shewenthomeverylate,only(just)tofindeverythingstolen.(与only连用，表示意外的不好的结果）还有固定搭配表示结果：so…asto;such…asto…;enoughto…;too…to…Wehavesomuchfoodastotreatourguests.Isthatroombigenoughtoseatallofus?Heistooyoungtofitthatjob.3.表示原因:不定式用来说明产生这种情绪的原因,用于此结构有:happy,lucky,sorry,anxious,proud,disappointed,angry,surprised,re