高考英语二轮复习 书面表达 英语写作中抽象名词的运用学案-人教版高三全册英语学案.docx

英语写作中抽象名词的运用命题人说，好作文在于好句子。这给我一个疑惑：作文到底是重形式还是重内容。昨天和汪少华教授闲聊，他说肯定要重内容，但这不是形式和内容之争，因为形式也是内容。你要把一个句子写好，必然要丰富很多内容，形式展开的过程也是内容的充实过程。这个逻辑很不错，下面我就命题人提到的作文好句子的五个标准最后一个：关注抽象名词来谈谈。说起抽象名词，下面请看一个例子：请翻译：如果我们看电视太多，这会会影响学习。正常是：IfwewatchtoomuchTV,itwillaffectourstudy.进阶一下：IfweareexposedtotoomuchTV,itwillaffectourstudy.再进阶：BeingexposedtotoomuchTVwillaffectourstudy.以上似乎已经够了，其实不然：HeavyexposuretoTVwillaffectourstudy.这个句子就很耐看了。记住：英语是重名词的语言，尤其是抽象名词。因为英语重视物质的属性，这是希腊文化的传统。为了让大家更好理解，下面我总结了一下，但我要强调的是：写作到了考虑抽象名词的层次，那平时作文应该从不少于18分了，否则要慎用！【例句】1.HeavyexposuretoTVwillaffectone’sstudy.看电视太多会影响学习。2.Advertisingcampaignshave,however,promotedagrowingrealizationoftheadvantagesofthesesmallplasticcards.然而广告公司大做广告，让越来越多的人相信这种小塑料卡的好处.3.Reluctancetoretirewasassociatedwithanticipateddeprivations,mainlyofmoneyratherthanofattachmenttowork.人们不愿退休与他们预想中将要失去很多东西有关，其中主要是失去赚钱的机会，而不是丧失对工作的依恋之情。4.Afive-dayweekhasfoundanimmediatewelcomeandmuchpopularityeversince.五天工作制立即受到了人们的待遇欢迎和拥护。【规律】不同位置的抽象名词运用规律主语位置：theabsenceof,theabundanceof,theacceptanceof,theanalysisof,theanticipationof,thearrivalof,theinventionof,theawarenessof,hisconcernof,thecriticismof,thedemand,hiseagerness,theexaminationof,hisexplanationof,theexplorationof,hispraiseof,thefailureof,thegrowthof,theinvestigationof,theincreaseof,theknowledgeof,hisobsessionwith,thepursuitof,hisreactionto,asearchof,herselectionof,thesupportof,hiswillingnessto宾语位置：causethelossof,encouragetheparticipation,escapecriticism,acknowledgethefailure/thetruth,anticipatetheprogress,demandthepermission,questionthevalidity,acceleratethegrowthof,applaudthedecision,experiencethechange,undergotheexamination,safeguardthefreedomof,provehisinnocence/ignorance,recognizetheseriousnessof,lackflexibility,realizetheimportanceof,questionthewisdomof,haveanunderstanding/appreciationof,givethoughtto,gainaninsightinto,earntherespect/reputationof,showindifference/willingness介词位置：withreluctance/enthusiasminspiteof/despiteindifference/resistance/advanceunderconsideration/discussion/theleadershipofbeyondbelie