2011高考英语总复习实用精品学案 高考语法专题 定语从句 新人教版.doc

用心爱心专心高考语法专题：定语从句考纲新研读考查的重点是介词+关系代词which，whom引导的定语从句；非限制性定语从句也时有考查。1.限制性定语从句句子作定语，由关系代词和关系副词引导，被修饰部分叫先行词。(1)关系代词：that,which,who,whom,whose,在句子中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。that,指人或物：Whoisthemanthatisreadingthenewspaperoverthere?Thefinger(that)Iputintomymouthwasnottheone(that)Ihaddippedintothecup.which,指物：Achemical’sshopisashopwhichsellsmedicine.(作主语)Thefilm(which)wesawlastnightwaswonderful.(作宾语)who,whom,whose,指人，分别做主语、宾语和定语：Themanwhovisitedourclassyesterdayisournewheadmaster.Who’stheman(whom)youjusttalkedto?Thisistheroomwhosewindowfacessouth.介词后指人用whom,指物用which。介词可提前，也可在后；在后时可用who,that，也可省略：Thisistheroominwhichwelivedlastyear.=Thisistheroom(which/that)welivedinlastyear.Who’sthemanwithwhomyoujustshookhands?=Who’stheman(who/whom/that)youjustshookhandswith?但是固定搭配,介词不能提前：Isthisthebookwhichshewaslookingfor?(2)关系副词：when,where,why,在定语从句中分别作时间、地点和原因状语。when,指时间：Istillrememberthedaywhen(onwhich)IfirstcametoBeijing.比较：IstillrememberthedaythatIspentinBeijing.where,指地点：Thisisthehousewhere(inwhich)Ilivedtwoyearsago.比较：ThisisthehousethatIboughttwoyearsago.why,指原因：在“reason”后：Thereasonwhyhewaslateisthatthecarbrokedownontheway.比较：Thereasonthathegaveusisnotreasonable.(3)thesame...as;such...as引导的定语从句：ThisisthesamepenasIlostyesterday.Youshouldpaymoreattentiontosuchmistakesasyoumadelasttime.Thisissuchaninterestingbookaseveryonelikestoread.(4)定语从句典例：LiHuaisoneoftheboyswhoareneverlateforschool.(who指boys)李华是从不迟到的男孩之一。LiHuaistheonlyoneoftheboyswhoisneverlateforschool.(who指one)李华是男孩中唯一从不迟到的。Isthisnewteachingbuildingtheoneyouvisitedlastnight?(变为陈述句后，is移到building之后。)Isthisthenewteachingbuildingyouvisitedlastnight?(变为陈述句后，is移到this之后。)Whoisthemanthatistalkingwithourteacher?(为避免重复，用that不用who)(5)定语从句应注意的几点：A.that引导的定语从句与that引导的同位语从句的区别：Thefactthatwetalkedaboutisveryimportant.(that引导的是定语从句，that作宾语，可省略。)ThefactthattheChineseinventedthecompassisknowntoall.(that引导的是同位语从句，that不作成分，不能省略，句子介绍的是fact的具体内容。)B.用that不用which：两者都可表物，大部分情况可通用，但下列情况例外：先行词为all,few,much,little,nothing,everything,anything等：Allthatmu