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用心爱心专心初升高英语衔接班第8讲【本讲教育信息】一.教学内容:初升高英语衔接班第8讲1.掌握状语从句和名词性从句的功能,用法及表达的意义。2.掌握状语从句中的时态搭配。(一)状语从句的作用。在将状语从句之前,我们先要弄清楚什么是状语。状语就是在一句话中,表达该句的时间,地点,方式,原因,条件等的成分。如:Iusuallygetupatten.Heisplayingatschoolhappily.Hegoestoschoolbybus.Iamlate,becausethetrafficisquiteheavy.状语从句,顾名思义是做状语的从句,那么它就相当于一个状语,也就是说,它可以与其他状语(如副词状语,介词状语等)在语法上互换。如:Iusuallygetupateight.Iusuallygetupaftermymothercallsme.HewaswatchingTVathomeateightlastnight.HewaswatchingTVathomewhenIarrived.Hewasdoinghishomeworkintheclassroom.HewasdoinghishomeworkwhereImethim.(二)状语从句的用法。1.时间状语从句。时间状语从句做主句的时间状语,表示“当…时,在…时,在…之前/之后,直到…才…,一…就…,等”(连词:when,while,as,before,after,until/till,assoonas,themoment,directly,immediately,instantly等)如:WhenIgothome,mymumwascooking.Hegothomewhilehismumwascooking.LucywilllookaftermydogwhileIamaway.Ashewalkedalongthestreet,hesanganddanced.Pleaseposttheletterformeasyouareatthepostoffice.Hewentawayafterhelockedthedoor.Youcanseenothingafterthelightsgoout.Hewillcallmebeforeheleaves.Don’tgoacrossthestreetuntil/tillthelightturnsgreen.Hebegantodohishomeworkassoonas/immediately/instantly/directlyhegothome.Hewillbegintodohishomeworkassoonas/immediately/instantly/directlyhegetshome.2.条件状语从句。做一句话的条件状语,如“如果,只要,除非”(连词:if,as/solongas,unless)如:Ifyouwanttogothere,Iwillfollowyou.Youwillpasstheexamaslongasyouworkhard.Youwon’tpasstheexamunlessyoustudyhard.(三)状语从句与主句的时态搭配。状语从句与主句的时态搭配主要有两种:“时态一致”和“主将从现”1.“时态一致”是指主从句的时态一致,注意是“一致”而不是“一样”,这一点与前面提到的宾语从句的“时态一致”相同,是指主句与从句的时态属于同一时间范畴。属于同一范畴的时态搭配主要有:一般现在时,现在进行时,一般将来时和现在完成时;一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时和过去完成时。如:Whenhismotherwakeshimup,heisalwayscomplainingabouteverything.Ashecrossedtheroad,hesawasmallmousefollowinghim.Afterheclosedthewindow,hebegantosingsongs.2.“主将从现”是指当主从句都有将来的意味时,主句用将来(包括将来时、祈使句和情态动词的句式),从句用一般现在时。如:Hewillfollowmeifhecomes.Iwon’tcomeuntilhecallsme.Youcan’tgountilthetrafficlightsturnred.Heneedn’treturnhomeifhisfathercomes.Pleasebringmethebookwhenyoucomehere.Don’tgostayhereifyousmoke.Don’tgetoffthebusuntilithasstopped.3.地点状语从句。地点状语从句做主句的地点状语,表示主句所描述的事情“发生在…等”(连词:wher