定语从句讲义.doc

定语从句一、关系词的基本用法who指人，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语关系代词whom指人，在从句中作宾语whose指人或物，在从句中作定语that指人或物，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语[来源:学科网]which指物，在从句中作主语或宾语关系副词as指人、物，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语when指时间，在从句中作时间状语where指地点，在从句中作地点状语why指原因，在从句中作原因状语（1）Theman(_______________________)mymothersawinthestreetismyteacher.（2）Thebook___________________tellsusabouttheearthisinteresting.（3）Shelivesinahouse_________________windowsfacessouth.（4）Doyouknowtheboy________________________fatherisanEnglishteacher?（5）Ihaveneverheardsuchstories________________hetells.[来源:学#科#网Z#X#X#K]（6）I’llneverforgettheday____________________Ijoinedthearmy.（7）Iwon’tforgetthefactory_____________________myfatherworked.（8）Tellmethereason_______________________youcamelate.二、必须用“that”引导的定语从句1、当先行词是不定代词all，little,few,much,anything,everything,none,nothing,noone,some等时。[来源:学|科|网Z|X|X|K]Hedideverything________________hecouldtohelpus.2、先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much,theonly,thevery,theright,last,few,just等修饰时。Theonlything_________________wecandoistogiveyousomeadvice.3、先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时，或先行词本身就是序数词或形容词最高级时。Thisisthemostinterestingfilm___________________I’veeverseen.4、当先行时前有such或thesame修饰时，先行词和关系代词指同一物时。Sheiswearingthesamedress________________sheworeyesterday.5、先行词既有人又有物时，Latertheytalkedofthingsandpersons___________________theyrememberedintheschool.6、当主句是以who或which开始时的特殊疑问句时，Whoistheboy________________wonthegoldmedal?7、在同一个句子里，若有两个定语从句，其中一个关系词已用了which，另一个宜用that.Edisonbuiltupafactory__________________producedthingsthathadneverbeenseenbefore.8、当关系代词在从句中作表语时。（只限于限制性定语从句中）Chinaisnolongerthecountry_________________itusedtobe.9、当先行词是集体名词时，多用that，Hewantstojointheteam______________wonthegame.10、that在有些句型中可作为关系副词，且可省略。Idon’tliketheway(________________)hetalkstome.三、只用which不用that时情况1、引导非限制性定语从句时：Brucewenttowardthefire,____________________wasstillsmoking.2、先行词在从句中作介词的宾语且介词前置。Thisisthehousein______________LuXunlived.3、先行词本身是that时：What’sthatwhichflashedintheskyjustnow?4、先行词后有插入语时，HereistheEnglishgrammarbook______________,asI’vetoldyou,willhelpimproveyourEnglish.5、which用作表语，指人