高考英语语法之名词性从句语法整理.doc

用心爱心专心115号编辑名词性从句概念：起名词作用的从句叫名词从句。它和名词一样在句中可充当主语表语宾语和同位语。名词从句包括主语从句表语从句宾语从句和同位语从句。名词从句的引导词通常有：1.连词thatwhetherif.2.连接代词whatwhateverwhowhoeverwhosewhich等3.连接副词whenwherehowwhyI.主语从句主语从句在从句中作主语主语从句可以位于句首但常见的主语从句多放在句末句首则用形式主语it。例如：1.Thattheearthisroundistrue.=Itistruethattheearthisround.2.Whetherhewillcomehasn’tbeendecided.=Ithasn’tbeendecidedwhetherhewillcome.注意：连词thatwhether在从句中不担任句子成分只起连接作用不能省略。并且whether引导主语从句时不能用if代替。3.Wholetoutthenewsremainedunknown.=Itremainedunknownwholetoutthenews.4.Howthishappenedisstillaquestion.5.Itisnotclearwhenwewillstart.6.Whyhedidn’tcomehereisnotcleartoanyone.=Itisnotcleartoanyonewhyhedidn’tcomehere.7.Whichisrightisn’tknowntous.注意：whowhichhowwhenwherewhy在所引导的主语从句中可担任主语宾语状语不能省略。可以用形式主语it引导。8.Whathesaidatthemeetingisimportant.他在会议上所说的话很重要。9.Whoeverleavestheofficeshouldtellme.无论是谁离开办公室都应该告诉我。10.WhenevertheOlympicGameswillbeheldinBeijingisnotknownyet.注意：whowhomwhichwhat等可以和ever构成合成词引导主语从句和宾语从句。此类主语从句不能用it引导引导词在句中担任句子成分不能省略。另外有的“It…＋主语从句”已成为固定结构。如：a.Itis+名词＋从句Itisapitythatwecan’tgo.很遗憾我们不能去。b.Itis＋形容词＋从句ItisclearthatTomhasreturned.很显然汤姆已经回来了。c.Itis＋过去分词＋从句Itissaid/reported/believed/known…II.表语从句在复合句中用作表语的从句是表语从句。That’swhatweshoulddo.That’swhyIwanttoseeyou.ThereasonformyabsencewasthatIwasill.1.beseemlook等动词后均可跟表语从句：Mysuggestionisthatweshouldgoshopping.Itseemsthatitisgoingtorain.2.asifbecause也可引导表语从句。Itlooksasifit’sgoingtorain.ItwasbecauseIgotuplate.3.在非正式文体中引导表语从句的that可以省略。如：Thetroubleis（that）heisill.注意：在表语从句中当reason作主语时引导词只能用that不能用because如：他迟到的原因是因为他没有赶上早班车。Thereasonwhyhewaslatewasthathedidn’tcatchtheearlybus.III.宾语从句在复合句中用作宾语的从句是宾语从句1.作动词宾