论我国刑事司法精神病鉴定启动权.docx

摘要刑事司法精神病鉴定是我国侦查、审查起诉、审判过程中对当事人的精神状况通过专门指定的机构或专家进行鉴定，以明确刑事责任能力。我国的鉴定制度更接近于大陆法系，但又与其不完全相同。其在我国刑事诉讼过程中有着特殊的作用，现阶段我国在鉴定这一方面有不足之处以及很大的缺陷，尤其是启动权究竟应花落谁家的问题，无论是司法界还是法学界，学者们的态度不一。有学者主张同英美法系的国家一样，赋予双方当事人启动权；有学者主张在坚持公、检、法三机关原有启动权的基础上，增设强制启动机制。基于以上情况，笔者采用文献分析法以及比较研究的方法对刑事领域的司法精神病鉴定的启动权的归属进行了探讨，本文先从我国刑事司法精神病鉴定制度的价值入手，再通过国外鉴定制度的比较研究，分析我国在启动权这一方面的缺点，从而提出应当如何完善我国刑事领域中的精神病鉴定启动权的建议，建议包括创设司法精神病鉴定启动的条件；完善公、检、法三机关启动权的监督机制；优化启动权归属的合理配置。关键词：司法精神病鉴定；启动权；申请权AbstractCriminaljudicialpsychiatricidentificationistoidentifythementalstateofthepartyconcernedinthecourseofinvestigation,examinationandprosecution,andthroughaspeciallydesignatedinstitutionorexpert,inordertoclarifythecriminalresponsibilitycapacity.Theappraisalsystemofourcountryismoreinclinedtothecontinentallawsystem,butitisnotexactlythesame.Itplaysaspecialroleintheprocessofcriminalproceedingsinourcountry.Atthepresentstage,ourcountryhassomeshortcomingsandgreatdefectsinappraisingthisaspect,especiallythequestionofwhoshouldchoosetherighttostart,whetherinthejudicialfieldorinthefieldoflaw.Scholarshavedifferentattitudes.Yes.ScholarsadvocatethatthepartiesshouldbegiventherighttostartaswellasthecountriesofAnglo-Americanlawsystem;somescholarsadvocatetheestablishmentofcompulsorystartingmechanismonthebasisofinsistingontheoriginalstartingpowerofthethreeorgansofthePublicSecurityBureau,ProcuratorateandCourt.Basedontheabovesituation,theauthorusesthemethodofliteratureanalysisandcomparativestudytodiscusstheownershipoftheprimingpowerofforensicpsychiatricexpertiseincriminalfield.ThispaperbeginswiththevalueofcriminaljudicialpsychiatricappraisalsysteminChina.Thenthroughthecomparativestudyoftheappraisalsystemabroad,thispaperanalyzestheshortcomingsoftheprimingrightinourcountry,andthenputsforwardsomesuggestionsonhowtoperfecttheprimingrightofpsychiatricexaminationinthecriminalfieldofourcountry.Thesuggestionsincludetheestablishmentofconditionsfortheinitiationofforensicpsychiatry,theimprovementofthesupervisionmechanismofthepowerofinitiationofpublic,procuratorialandl