铜与铝钢异种金属焊接基本工艺设计.doc

河南机电高等专科学校毕业论文毕业论文题目：铜和铝/钢异种金属焊接工艺设计系部材料工程系专业焊接技术及自动化班级焊接123班学生姓名学号1213033指导老师周慧琳4月29日铜和铝/钢异种金属焊接工艺设计摘要多年来,伴随生活水平不停提升,人类生活各个方面已经越来越离不开电冰箱和空调器等制冷设备使用。制冷设备中,换热器性能直接影响设备制冷性能。中国外制冷设备管路系统中蒸发器和冷凝器采取铝管替换铜管己成趋势。但铜管在部分制冷管路构件中仍是不可替换,多年来铜价攀升和铜资源短缺，然而铝/钢资源较丰富，能够成为铜很好替换材料。所以肯定带来铜铝/钢管连接问题。而铜和铝/钢性能差异较大,焊接时存在多个问题。铜铝/钢属于异种金属，焊接过程中易形成脆性相，影响接头性能。所以，焊接问题成为阻碍铜铝/钢管应用一个很大问题。本文经过分析异种合金物理、化学性能差异，了解了异种合金焊接性特点和轻易出现焊接缺点，列举和介绍了常见多个铜和铝焊接方法基础原理和焊接规范。本文对于铜和钢焊接做出了新焊接工艺设计，经过用激光对铜钢接头进行焊接，缩短了焊接时间，优化了焊接性能，使焊接热输入量愈加轻易且正确控制，能够更易得到很好接头。关键词：Cu/Al管；Cu/Fe管，电阻压焊；钎焊，激光焊铜和铝/钢异种金属焊接工艺设计AbstractInrecentyears,withthecontinuousimprovementoflivingstandards,everyaspectofhumanlifehasbeenmoreandmoreusedwithoutrefrigerationequipment,refrigeratorsandairconditionersandothermoreaway.Refrigerationequipment,refrigerationperformanceoftheheatexchangerperformancedirectlyinfluencetheequipment.Theevaporatorandcondensercoolingequipmentinthepipelinesystemathomeandabroadbyusingaluminuminsteadofcopperhasbecomeatrend.Butthecopperinsomerefrigerationpipingcomponentsisstillirreplaceableinrecentyears,theshortageofcopperpricesroseandcopperresources,however,aluminum/steelresourcesareabundant,canbeagoodsubstitutematerialofcopper.Soitwillinevitablybringaboutthecopperandaluminum/steelconnectionproblems.Copperandaluminum/steelperformancedifferences,therearemanyproblemsinwelding.Aluminum/steeldissimilarmetalbelongsto,easytoformbrittlephasesintheprocessofwelding,influenceofjointperformance.Therefore,theweldingproblembecomeabigproblemofaluminum/steel.Inthispaper,throughphysical,chemicalpropertiesanalysisofthedifferenceofdissimilaralloys,andeasytounderstandtheweldingdefectsdissimilaralloyweldingcharacteristics,thebasicprincipleandseveralcommonlyusedarecopperandaluminumintroducedweldingmethodandweldingspecification.Inthispaper,theweldingofcopperandsteelmakingprocessdesignofnewwelding,thejointofsteelandcopperbylaserwelding,shortenthetimeofwelding,theweldingperformanceoptimization,thecontrolofweldingheatinputismoreeasilyandaccurately,canmoreeasily