英语句法结构省公共课一等奖全国赛课获奖课件.pptx

英语句子概论英语句子概论主语＋不及物动词（S+Vi）主语＋及物动词＋宾语(S+Vt+O)主语＋系动词＋表(S+LV+predicative)主语＋双宾动词+间宾+直宾(S+Vt+O.indir+O.dir)主语＋宾补动词＋宾语＋宾语补语(S+Vt.+O+O.compl)There+be/stand/lie/live...nounadj./adv.infinitiveV-ingV-edetc.主语＋不及物动词Shecame．/Myheadaches.主语＋及物动词＋宾语ShelikesEnglish.主语＋系动词＋主语补语Sheishappy．主语＋双宾动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语ShegaveJohnabook．Sheboughtabookforme.主语＋宾补动词＋宾语＋宾语补语Shemakeshermotherangry．Theteacheraskedmetoreadthepassage.There+beThereliesabookonthedesk.从属成份Johnoftencametochatwithme．Johnlikesorangesverymuch．Wheneverhegetsdrunk，JohnmakesMaryveryangry．Hearingthenews,hejumpedwithjoy.Ashewasill,hedidn’tcometoclassyesterday.Sheissittingatthedesk,doingherhomework.Myfatherworkedinthisschooltenyearsago.You’dbetterstayhere.Examples:Oh！Whatisthat！（惊叹词）Hehas，alas，failedagain．Comehere，John．（呼语）Rollon，Ocean，rollon．（You）Comehere．（Iwishyou）Goodluck！Somegavehimpraises，butothers（gavehim）rotteneggs．Herunsasfastas,if(hedoes)not(run)faster,thanyou.(I)Hopeyoulikeit.JohnshouldcleantheroomtodayandPeter(shouldcleanit)tomorrow.连接成份实际上是一个连词，用来连接两个或几个平行词、短语和分句。这种连词叫做并列连词。另一类连接成份是用来连接两个句子、且一个句子隶属于另一个句子（即从句）连词。这类连词叫隶属连词。隶属连词主要用于引导各种从句。一个完整句子（主句或从句）必须包含2个到4个基本成份，另外，假如意思上有需要，还可包含一个或更多其它句子成份。简单句简单句基本词序简单句扩展成份两个简单句主语能够连词and、but、both..and、either…or、neither…nor、notonly…butalso等连词连接组成一个简单句，但应注意主语和谓语动词一致性。ThebossisflyingtoParis.HissecretaryisflyingtoParis.ThebossandhissecretaryareflyingtoParis.BoththebossandhissecretaryareflyingtoParis.ThebossisflyingtoRome.HissecretaryisnotflyingtoRome.ThebossbutnothissecretaryisflyingtoRome.ThebossmaybeflyingtoBerlin.HissecretarymaybeflyingtoBerlin.EitherthebossorhissecretaryisflyingtoBerlin.ThebossisnotflyingtoYork.Hissecretaryisn’tflyingtoYork.NeitherthebossnorhissecretaryisflyingtoYork.两个简单句宾语可由and、both…and等连词连接组成一个简单句。ImetJane.Imetherhusband.ImetJaneandherhusband.ImetbothJaneandherhusband.Itwascold.Itwaswet.Itwascoldandwet.Ididn’tmeetJane.Ididn’tmeetherhusband.Ididn’tmeeteitherJaneorherhusband.ImetneitherJanenorherhusband.两个或两个以上限定动词也可合并为一个简单句。Wesangallnight.Wedancedallnight.Wesanganddanc