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儿童保健生长发育体格发育英文.ppt

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儿童保健生长发育体格发育英文Tomastergrowthpatternsofcommonusedgrowthparameters.2.Tounderstandhowtoassessgrowthanddevelopment.3.Toknowtheimportantregularitiesofgrowthanddevelopment.DefinitionPatternsofphysicalgrowthOtherindicesofgrowthRegularitiesofgrowthanddevelopmentGrowthassessmentGrowth:definedasanincreaseinsizeofbody,biologicalgrowthofanorganismtakesplacethroughcellmultiplication,thismorphologicalgrowthcanbemeasuredclinically.Development:istheassociationprocessofdifferentiationoftheorganism,inwhichgrowingtissuesandorganstakeonincreasedcomplexityoffunction(physiological,motor,cognitive,affective).Thus,sincebothprocessesarepartofonewhole,thecombinedtermsgrowthanddevelopmentformanunitaryconceptthatindicatesthequatitativeandqualitativeofmaturationalchangesofanorganism.Physicalgrowthcanbeassessedbyvariousanthropometricmeasurements.iscomposedoftissues,organs,systemsandfluid,etc.isacommonandsensitivemeasurementofphysicalgrowth,especiallyforevaluatingpresentnutrientstate.Increment(kg/y)1、Thefirstgrowthspurtoccursinthefirstyearoflife(theincrementisabout6kg).Aboutformulae:3~12months:weight(kg)=(agemonth+9)/2Theseformulaeareusedonlyforcalculatingdosageofdrugandfluidinclinic.Becausethegrowthisnotatthesamerateindifferentage,especiallyininfant;andthegrowthisaffectedbymanyfactors,suchasgene,environmentandindividualvariation.Weightloss:Lossof3%~9%ofbirthweightinthefirstfewdaysoflifeisconsiderednormalandiscommonformostnewborns.Length/StatureIncrement(cm/y)1、Thefirstgrowthspurtoccursinthefirstyearoflife(theincrementisabout25cm).Crown-rump/SittingheightDuringthefirstyearoflife,spinalincreaseisfasterthanextremities.Lateron,theextremitiesgrowatafasterratethanthetrunk,whichiscontributetothebodylengthandleadingtoagraduallychangeinrelativeproportions.Theratioofsittingheight/totalheightDefiningtheclassificationofshortstatureHeadCircumferenceAge1、Thefirstgrowthspurtoccursinthefirstyearoflife(theincrementisabout12cm).3、Rapid,deceleratinggrowthofHC.(Atbirth,theheadis¼oftheneonate’sbody.Byadulthood,itiso