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新目标大学英语综合教程3综合训练课后阅读翻译.doc

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TogetherwiththeNationalLibrariesofScotlandandWales,theBodleianLibraryinOxford,theCambridgeUniversityLibraryandTrinityCollege'slibraryinDublin,theBritishLibraryisnowempoweredtoreceiveacopyofeveryU.K.electronicpublication.Thisisalogicalenoughextensioninthedigitalageofitsancientrighttoreceiveandstoreallbooks,newspapers,magazinesandotherprintedmatter,butitisstillachallengingtask.Thefirstfull-scaleInternet“crawl”waslaunchedfromthelibrary’sWestYorkshireputercentershortlyafterthelawtookeffect.Covering4.8millionU.K.sites,ittookthreemonthstoplete,withanothertwomonthsrequiredtoprocessthe1billioncapturedwebpages.Theexpectationisthatthelibrarywillcollectinasingleyearaboutthesameamountofmaterialasitsnewspaperandperiodicalsarchivehasamassedoverthecourseofthreecenturies(acostlyprogramtodigitizesome40millionofits750millionprintedpagesisnowunderway).ChiefExecutiveRolvKeatingpointsoutthatwhentheinitialcrawlbegan,theprojectrepresentedareassertionofwhatitmeanstobealibraryinthe21stcentury.Tenyearsago,therewasaveryrealdangerofablackholeopeningupandswallowingourdigitalheritage."Keatingsays."Millionsofwebpages,e-publicationsandothernonprintitemswerefallingthroughthecracksofasystemdevisedprimarilytocaptureinkandpaper.'ProfessorNielsBrugger,theheadoftheCenterforInternetStudiesatDenmark’sAarhusUniversity,supportstheBritishLibrary’sarchivingproject.“Moreandmoreofoursocietal,culturalandpoliticalactivesnowtakeplaceeitherontheweborarecloselyrelatedtoit”hesays.“Sincethemid-1990s,yousimplycouldn’tbeauniversity,apanyorapoliticalpartywithouthavingawebsite.Ifwanttodocumentourpresentorstudyourpastontheweb,getitintoanarchivebeforeitdisappears.”“WheneverI’maskedwhywebarchivingmatters,”hecontinues,“IthinkoftheBobDylanlinefromTheTimesTheyAreChanging—'Thepresentnowwilllaterbepast.‘Materialisdisappearingbeforeoureyesatanunprecedentedrate,andwithitgoesprecioussourcematerialforthefuturehistorianwhowillbetryingtoshedlightonthepresent.Capturingthepastforposteritythroughwebarchivingmattersjustasmuchaspreservingot