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语法:连词Linkwords连词是虚词,不能在句中单独担任成分,只起连接作用。按其用法,连词可分为两大类:并列连词(CoordinateConjunctions)和从属连词(SubordinateConjunctions)。一.并列连词:连接具有并列关系的词、短语或句子。1.并列关系:and,notonly…butalso…,both…and…,neither…nor…IusedtoliveinParisandLondon.BothJaneandJimareinterestedinfishing.Theweatherhereisneithertoocoldnortoohot.Sheisnotonlykindbutalsohonest.2.转折关系:but,yet,while(然而),when(然而,偏偏)Thecarisveryoldbutitrunsveryfast.Theproblemwasalittlehard,yetIwasabletoworkitout.ThewinterinBeijingisverycoldwhilethatofKunmingiswarm.Whydidyouborrowthebookwhenyouhadone?3.选择关系:or,not…but…,either…or…,Wouldyouliketoliveorwouldyouliketostay?Heisnotateacherbutawriter.YoucancomeeitheronSaturdayoronSunday.4.因果关系:forItmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswetnow.Theleavesofthetreesarefalling,forit’salreadyautumn.5.区别(1)and和or1)并列结构中,or通常用于否定句,and用于肯定句。2)但有时and也可用于否定句。请注意其不同特点:Thereisnoairorwaterinthemoon.Thereisnoairandnowateronthemoon.在否定中并列结构用or连接,但含有两个否定词的句子实际被看作是肯定结构,因此要用and。典型例题---Idon’tlikechicken___fish.---Idon’tlikechicken,___Ilikefishverymuch.A.and;andB.and;butC.or;butD.or;and答案C。否定句中表并列用or,but表转折。判断改错:(错)Wewilldiewithoutairandwater.(错)Wecan’tlivewithoutairorwater.(对)Wewilldiewithoutairorwater.(对)Wecan’tlivewithoutairandwater.(2)表示选择的并列结构1)or意思为"否则"。Imustworkhard,orI’llfailintheexam.2)either…or意思为"或者……或者……"。注意谓语动词采用就近原则。EitheryouorIamright.(3)表示转折或对比1)but表示转折,while表示对比。Somepeoplelovecats,whileothershatethem.典型例题---Wouldyouliketocometodinnertonight?---I’dliketo,___I’mtoobusy.A.andB.soC.asD.but答案D。but与前面形成转折,符合语意。而表并列的and,结果的so,原因的as都不符合句意。2)not…but…意思为"不是……而是……"not和but后面的用词要遵循一致原则。Theywerenotthebonesofananimal,but(thebones)ofahumanbeing.(4)表原因关系1)for判断改错:(错)Forheisill,heisabsenttoday.(对)Heisabsenttoday,forheisill.for是并列连词,不能置于含两个并列分句的句子的句首,只能将其放在两个分句中间。2)so,thereforeHehurthisleg,sohecouldn’tplayinthegame.注意:a.两个并列连词不能连用,但therefore,then,yet.可以和并列连词连用。YoucanwatchTV,and/oryoucangotobed.Hehurthisleg,andso/andthereforehecouldn’tplayinthegame.b.although…yet…,但although不与but连用。(错)Althoughhewasweak,buthetri