Linux系统常用的查看命令.docx

Linux系统常用的查看命令Linux系统常用的查看命令Linux是一个神奇而又高效的操作系统，学完Linux对Linux系统有一个熟悉的了解后，你需要了解下这些实用的查看系统信息的命令。查看系统版本命令uname谈到系统版本就一定会想到uname，查看系统内核版本uname-参数其他的什么-n-m-r参数都忽略，直接-a[root@linuxprobe~]#uname-aLinuxlinuxprobe.com2.6.32-358.el6.x86_64#1SMPTueJan2911:47:41EST2013x86_64x86_64x86_64GNU/Linux[root@linuxprobe~]#从uname中貌似确实看到了许多信息，但是好像并不是我想要的，没有哪个系统的哪个版本lsb_release-a[root@linuxprobe~]#lsb_release-aLSBVersion::base-4.0-amd64:base-4.0-noarch:core-4.0-amd64:core-4.0-noarch:graphics-4.0-amd64:graphics-4.0-noarch:printing-4.0-amd64:printing-4.0-noarchDistributorID:RedHatEnterpriseServerDescription:RedHatEnterpriseLinuxServerrelease6.4(Santiago)Release:6.4Codename:Santiago[root@linuxprobe~]#cat/etc/issue[root@linuxprobe~]#cat/etc/issueRedHatEnterpriseLinuxServerrelease6.4(Santiago)Kernelonanm[root@linuxprobe~]#查看内存相关free一谈到Linux的内存就想到了一个命令free，在课本第2章新手必须掌握的'Linux命令中有对此的解释[root@linuxprobe~]#freetotalusedfreesharedbufferscachedMem:52288726693604559512028060266936-/+buffers/cache:3743644854508Swap:419429604194296[root@linuxprobe~]#free-mtotalusedfreesharedbufferscachedMem:51066534452027260-/+buffers/cache:3654740Swap:409504095[root@linuxprobe~]#free-gtotalusedfreesharedbufferscachedMem:404000-/+buffers/cache:04Swap:303[root@linuxprobe~]#很明显内存大小，使用多少，剩余多少，buffers和cached多少，以及swap情况一目了然，使用参数-m/-g可以指定单位查看cpu相关uptime[root@linuxprobe~]#uptime20:09:48up43min,3users,loadaverage:0.35,0.25,0.11//系统的平均负载，1分钟，5分钟，15分钟top实时监控系统的cpu和内存，默认3s刷新一次[root@linuxprobe~]#toptop-20:15:41up49min,3users,loadaverage:0.41,0.38,0.21Tasks:236total,1running,235sleeping,0stopped,0zombieCpu(s):0.2%us,0.5%sy,0.0%ni,98.8%id,0.5%wa,0.0%hi,0.0%si,0.0%stMem:5228872ktotal,671136kused,4557736kfree,28324kbuffersSwap:4194296ktotal,0kused,4194296kfree,267360kcachedPIDUSERPRNIVIRTRESSHRS%CPU%MEMTIME+COMMAND1root2001936015361224S0.00.00:05.37init2root200000S0.00.00:00.02kthreadd3rootRT0000S0.00.00:00.07migration/04root200000S0.00.00:00.14ksoftirqd/05rootRT0000S0.00.00:00.00migration/06rootRT0000S0.00.00:00.01watchdog/07rootRT0000S