雅思写作语法宾语从句讲解.docx

雅思写作语法宾语从句讲解雅思写作语法讲解：宾语从句1Somepeoplethinkthat2Somepeoplebelievethat3Somepeopledobelievethat4Somepeopledostronglybelievethat5Somepeopleholdthat6Somepeoplepointoutthat7Somepeopleinsisitthat8Somepeoplemaintainthat9Somepeopelarguethat10Somepeoplecontendthat11Somepeopledeemthat12Somepeopelareconvincedthat13Somepeoplearefullyconvincedthat14Somepeoplearefirmlyconvincedthat15Somepeopletakeitforgrantedthat16Weshouldadmitthat17Nobodycandenythat18Somepeopleagreethat19Somepeopleconcludethat20Somepeopleassertthat雅思写作的六种经典错误一.不一致(disagreements)所谓不一致不光指主谓不一致，它还包括了数的不一致时态不一致及代词不一致等.例1.whenonehavemoney,hecandowhathewantto.(人一旦有了钱，他就能想干什么就干什么.)剖析：one是单数第三人称，因而本句的have应改为has;同理，want应改为wants.本句是典型的主谓不一致.改为：onceonehasmoney,hecandowhathewants(todo)雅思写作与口语经典素材之朋友二.修饰语错位(misplacedmodifiers)英语与汉语不同，同一个修饰语置于句子不同的位置，句子的含义可能引起变化.对于这一点中国学生往往没有引起足够的重视，因而造成了不必要的误解.例1.ibelieveicandoitwellandiwillbetterknowtheworldoutsidethecampus.剖析：better位置不当，应置于句末.三.句子不完整(sentencefragments)在口语中，交际双方可借助手势语气上下文等，不完整的句子完全可以被理解.可是书面语就不同了，句子结构不完整会令意思表达不清，这种情况常常发生在主句写完以后，笔者又想加些补充说明时发生.例1.therearemanywaystoknowthesociety.forexamplebytv,radio,newspaperandsoon.剖析：本句后半部分"forexamplebytv,radio,newspaperandsoon.”不是一个完整的句子，仅为一些不连贯的词语，不能独立成句.改为：therearemanywaystoknowsociety,forexample,bytv,radio,andnewspaper.四.悬垂修饰语(danglingmodifiers)所谓悬垂修饰语是指句首的短语与后面句子的逻辑关系混乱不清.例如：attheageoften,mygrandfatherdied.这句中"attheageoften"只点出十岁时，但没有说明”谁”十岁时.按一般推理不可能是mygrandfather,如果我们把这个悬垂修饰语改明确一点，全句就不那么费解了.改为：wheniwasten,mygrandfatherdied.例1.todowellincollege,goodgradesareessential.剖析：句中不定式短语“todowellincollege”的逻辑主语不清楚.改为：todowellincollege,astudentneedsgoodgrades.五.词性误用(misuseofpartsofspeech)“词性误用”常表现为：介词当动词用;形容词当副词用;名词当动词用等.例1.nonecannegativetheimportanceofmoney.剖析：negative系形容词，误作动词。改为：nonecandenytheimportanceofmoney.六.指代不清(ambiguousreferenceofpronouns)指代不清主要讲的是代词与被指代的人或物关系不清，或者先后所用的代词不一致。试看下面这一句：marywasfriendlytomysisterbecauseshewantedhertobeherbridesmaid.(玛丽和我姐姐很要好，因为她要她做她的伴娘。)读完上面这一句话，读者无法明确地判断两位姑娘中谁将结婚，谁将当伴娘。如果我们把易于引起误解的代词的所指对象加以明确，意思就一目了然了。这个句子