托福阅读推断题的解题技巧(实例详解).docx

托福阅读推断题的解题技巧(实例详解)应对托福阅读推断题，考生要如何去应对呢?毋庸置疑，推断题一定有一定的难度所在，这点我们从托福考试官方指南(og)的改变上就可发现一些端倪。第三版og上，推断题的考查数量为0-2题，第四版og已经增加到1-3题，ets的用(yin)意(mou)所在可见一斑。那么，我们改如何应对推断题呢?推断题真的像我们想象的这么难么?今天我们一起来从考查形式上来解刨一下推断题。题干特征：推断题的题干经常会出现infer,suggest,imply,indicate这类单词考查形式主要分为两大类：对比推断和细节推断，而后者出现的几率更大。考查形式一：对比推断A时间对比：一般有两个形成对比的时间点，它们所具有的特征一般相反。如：原文会出现before1990的信息，而题目会问after1990的信息?解决方案：收集问题对应的时间点的信息，然后取反。注意原文中出现的表示时间节点的词before,after,not…until…例题ThestoryofthewestwardmovementofpopulationintheUnitedStatesis,inthemain,thestoryoftheexpansionofAmericanagriculture-ofthedevelopmentofnewareasfortheraisingoflivestockandthecultivationofwheat,corn,tobacco,andcotton.After1815improvedtransportationenabledmoreandmorewesternfarmerstoescapeaself-sufficientwayoflifeandenteranationalmarketeconomyduringperiodswhencommoditypriceswerehigh,therateofwestwardmigrationincreasedspectacularly.“OldAmericaseemedtobebreakingupandmovingwestward,”observedanEnglishvisitorin1817,duringthefirstgreatwaveofmigration.Emigrationtothewestreachedapeakinthe1830’s,whereasin1810onlyaseventyoftheAmericanpeoplelivedwestoftheAppalachianmountains,by1840morethanathirdlivedthere.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph1aboutwesternfarmerspriorto1815?○Theyhadlimitedtheircropproductiontowheat,corn,tobacco,andcotton.○Theywereabletoselltheirproduceathighprices.○Theyhadnotbeensuccessfulinraisingcattle.○Theydidnotoperateinanationalmarketeconomy.答案D对应关键句：After1815improvedtransportationenabledmoreandmorewesternfarmerstoescapeaself-sufficientwayoflifeandenteranationalmarketeconomyduringperiodswhencommoditypriceswerehigh,therateofwestwardmigrationincreasedspectacularly.B直接对比：两个或多个事物的特征——如原文会出现A的特点，然后会有B和A相比较的信息，然后题目问B的特点?解决方案：收集题干所问的推断对象(about后面的信息一般为推断对象)的全部信息(一般为上述的B)，然后在原文所描述的与之相关的信息(一般为上述的A)的基础之上取反。注意原文中出现的表示对比的关系词：bycontrast,unlike,while,whereas,onthecontrary,incomparisonto,distinctfrom,differentfrom等词。例题Paragraph1:Itshouldbeobviousthatcetaceans-whales,porpoises,anddolphins-aremammals.Theybreathethroughlungs,notthroughgills,andgivebirthtoliveyoung.Thei