试题-全国-2012_中考英语专题复习 名词、冠词、代词 人教新目标版.rar

12用心爱心专心中考英语专题复习名词、冠词、代词人教新目标版专题一名词1.名词的分类类别意义例词专有名词人，地方，机构或团体名Kate,Beijing普通名词可数个体名词个体的人或物apple,desk集体名词一群人或一些物family,group不可数抽象名词行为，品质，感情或状态happiness,knowledge物质名词构成各种物体的物质或材料water,milk可数名词与不可数名词可数名词有单复两种形式，不可数名词只有单数。pen----pens;bread可数名词用不定冠词或基数词修饰；不可数名词则用“不定冠词/数词+单位词+of”修饰。anapple;twopictures;apieceofbread;fourglassesofwater可数名词复数前用many,few,afew,several修饰;不可数名词前用much;little,alittle修饰.some和any既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词。manyideas;muchbread;somebooks;somejuice即景活用YoucangetmuchabouttheWorldExpoontheInternet.AmapBpictureCticketDinformationThedoctortoldmetoeatmorebecauseit'sgoodformyhealth.AorangeBvegetablesCicecreamDfish名词变复数(1)规则变化：一般情况词尾加s:map--maps;boy--boys以s,x,ch,sh结尾加es:box--boxes;watch--watches以f/fe结尾变f/fe为v，再加es:leaf--leaves;knife--knives直接加s:chief--chiefs;gulf--gulfs以辅音字母加y结尾，变y为i再加es:story--stories;以辅音字母加o结尾有生命的加es:potato--potatoes;无生命的加s:photo--photos巧记:黑人(negro)和英雄(hero)爱吃土豆(potato)和西红柿(tomato)，有意思(es)不规则变化变内部元音字母：man--men;foot--feet;tooth--teeth完全不规则：child--children;mouse--mice单复同形：fish;sheep;deer;Chinese;Japanese注意：合成名词的复数形式一般情况只变主体词girlstudent--girlstudents;new-comer--new-comers由man/woman构成的合成名词amandriver--mendrivers;awomanteacher--womenteachers名词所有格's所有格单词形式构成方法举例普通单数n.在词尾直接加'smyfather'sfriend词尾已有s的复数n.在词尾只加'students'sroom词尾不带s的复数n.在词尾加'sChildren'sDay表示几个词共有在最后一个词的词尾加'sJaneandMary'sroom表示几个词各自所有在每个词的词尾加'sJane'sandMary'sroom表示某人的家，店铺在词尾加's,省略n.atmyuncle's;atthebutcher'sof所有格amapofChina;thegateoftheschool双重所有格:of+名词's或of+名词性物主代词Afriendofmyfather's;aphotoofmine(4)特殊所有格thewaytotheschool;thekeytotheschooltheanswertothequestion即景活用September10thisDayinChina,isn'tit?AAteacherBTeachers'CTeacherDTeachersroomisbigandbright.Theylikeitverymuch.ATomandSamBTom'sandSamCTomandSam'sDTom'sandSam'sIdon'tthinklookingafterchildrenisjustwork.AwomanBwoman'sCwomenDwomen's名词的用法作主语Herfatherhasbeeninthearmyfor30years.(2)作动词或介词宾语I'mdrawingapicture.(3)作宾补Weconsiderhimacleverboy.Wemaketheboyourmonitor.(4)作表语Thecomputerisawonderfulmachine.(5)作同位语Mr.Wang,ourEnglishteacher,isveryknowled