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高中英语UNIT2LESSON3《SPORTSSTARS》文本素材北师大版必修1.doc

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戴维斯杯网球赛TheDavisCupistheinternationalteameventinmen's.Thelargestannualteamcompetitioninsport,theDavisCupisrunbytheandiscontestedbetweenteamsofplayersfromthecompetingcountriesinaknock-outformat.Thewomen'sequivalentoftheDavisCupisthe(knownastheFederationCupbefore).Eachroundconsistsof5matches(knownasarubberoratie)betweentwocountries.Thefirsttwomatchesaresingles,thethirdisadoublesmatch,andinthelasttwomatches(thereversesingles)thefirstcontestantsplayagain,butswapopponentsfromtheearliermatches.Thereisnorestrictiononwhomayplaythedoublesmatch:thetwosinglesplayers,twootherplayers(usuallydoublesspecialists)oracombination.Ifoneteamhasalreadyclinchedtherubber,eitherteammaychangetheplayersitusesinthereversesingles,withtheonlyrestrictionsbeingthattheplayersinvolvedbeontheoriginalteamrosterandthematchupsfromthefirstsinglesmatchescannotberepeated.Allrubbersarenormallybest-of-5sets.Ifateamhasclinchedtherubberbeforeall5matchesareplayed,anyremainingreversesinglesmatchesareshortenedtobest-of-3sets.ThetournamentwasconceivedinbyfourmembersofthetennisteamwhocameupwiththeideaofchallengingtheBritishtoatennisshowdown.Oncetheideareceivedthegoaheadfromtherespectivelawntennisassociations,oneofthefourHarvardplayers,,designedatournamentformatandspentthemoneyfromhisownpockettopurchaseanappropriatesterlingsilvertrophy.Thefirstmatch,betweentheandwasheldinin.TheAmericanteam,ofwhichDwightDaviswasapart,surprisedtheBritishbywinningthefirstthreematches.ThefollowingyearthetwocountriesdidnotcompetebuttheUSwonthenextmatchin1902.By1905thetournamentexpandedtoinclude,,,and,acombinedteamfromandthatcompetedtogetheruntil1924.ThesetournamentswereonlyofficiallycalledtheDavisCupfollowingthedeathofDwightDavisin1945.From1950to1967,Australiadominatedthecompetition,winningtheCup15timesin18years.Sinceinception,theU.S.A.haswontheeventthemosttimes(31),followedbyAustralia(23),FranceandGreatBritain(9each),Sweden(7),andAustralasia(5).戴维斯杯网球赛是每年一度的世界男子网球团体赛，也是世界网坛层次最高，影响最大的国际性团体赛，由国际网球联合会主办，是除奥林匹克网球比赛外历史最长的网球比赛。因系美国人戴维斯倡议举办，并捐赠