外研版小学英语语法总复习知识点归纳定稿版.docx

外研版小学英语语法总复习知识点归纳一、时态1.一般现在时(1)表示经常发生的动作或事情，通常用“usually通常,often常常,every…每…,sometimes有时，always总是,”等词。(2)基本结构:主语I/You/We/They/He/She/It肯定句：主语+动词原形或动词第三人称单数形式否定句：主语+don’t+动词原形或者doesn’t+动原一般疑问句(Yes/No)Do…Yes,Ido.No,Idon’t.Does…(动词原形)…Yes,he/shedoes.No,he/shedoesn’t.特殊疑问句Whatdo…Howdoesshe…(动词原形)…(3)动词第三人称单数形式(同名词单数变成复数方法相同)1．一般情况+s如:walk-walks2.辅音字母+y结尾去y+iesfly-flies3.结尾是s,x，sh,ch+eswatch-watches4.结尾是0+esdo-does,go-goes5.特殊have-has2．现在进行时(1)表示正在发生的动作，通常用“now现在,look看，linsen听”.(2)基本形式:be+动词-ingeg:Iam(not)doingmyhomework.You/We/Theyare(not)reading.He/She/Itis(not)eating.WhatareyoudoingIshereading(3)动词的现在分词形式(动词+ing)一般情况+ingwalk—walking结尾是不发音的e-e+ingcome—coming重读闭音节双写最后一个字母+ingswim-swimmingrun-running3.一般过去时(1)表示过去已经发生的事情,通常用“last…上一个…,justnow刚才,manyyearsago许多年前，yesterday昨天”等词。(2)be动词的过去式:am/is—wasare—were(3)过去式基本结构肯定句：主语+动词过去式Iwentshoppinglastnight.否定句：主语+didn’t+动词原形Ididn’tgoshoppinglastnight.一般疑问句(Yes/No)Did…+动词原形…Didyougoshoppinglastnight特殊疑问句(wh-)Whatdid…+动词原形…Whatdidyoudolastnight(4)动词过去式的变化:规则动词的变化:(1)一般动词+edplanted,watered,climbedlikedtied(2)以不发音的e结尾+d(3)辅音字母加y结尾-y+iedstudy—studied,cry-cried(4)重读闭音节单词，末尾只有一个辅音字双写最后一个字母+edplan–plannedstop–stopped不规则动词的变化:原形过去式am/iswasdodid原形过去式arewerefindfoundfeelfelttaketookhavehaddrivedrovebeginbegan原形过去式gowentbuyboughtdrinkdrankreadreadputputmeetmetmakemadeeatateteachtaughtgivegavesingsangcutcutletletringrangrunranwritewroteriderodesitsatseesawcomecamedrawdrewtelltoldcarrycarried4.一般将来时learnlearntstudystudiedgetgot一般将来时表示将来打算做的事或将要发生的事情。常常与tomorrow,nextSunday等时间状语连用。结构:begoingto+动词原形或will+动词原形例如:I’mgoingtovisitmygrandpanextweek.二、人称代词主格Iweyouhesheitthey宾格meusyouhimheritthem形容词性物主代词myouryourhisheritstheir名词性物主代词mineoursyourshishersitstheris(注:介词，动词后面跟宾格。后面没有名词时用名词性物主代词。)三、可数名词的复数形式1.一般名词:+sbook–books2.辅音字母加y结尾:-y+iesstory—stories3.以s,x，sh,ch，结尾:+esglass—glasses;awatch-watches以o结尾:1)有生命的+espotato-potatoes2)无生命的+sphoto-photoes4.以f或fe结尾:-f或fe变为vesknife–knives;shelf-shelves5.特殊的名词复数:man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-po