中考英语定语从句复习.docx

中考英语定语从句复习在复合句中修饰名词和代词的从句叫做定语从句.被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词.引导定语从句的关系代词有who,whose,whom,which,that,as;引导定语从句的关系副词有when,where,why;关系代词在定语从句中做主语,宾语,定语.关系副词在定语从句中做状语.一.由who,引导的定语从句,who在从句中做主语(口语中也可做宾语),修饰表示人的先行词.例如:Thisisthemanwhohelpedme.Theboywho//whomwesawyesterdayisJohn’sbrother.二.whom引导的定语从句,whom在从句中作宾语,修饰表示人的先行词,口语中可以省略.Thedoctor(whom)youarelookingforisintheroom.Theperson(whom)youjusttalkedtoisMr.Li.=ThepersontowhomyoujusttalkedisMr.Li.(介词后whom不能省略)Thebabieswhomthenursesarelookingforareveryhealthy.(固定短语中的介词一般不省略,介词仍放在动词之后)三.whose引导的定语从句,whose在从句中作定语,修饰表示人或物的先行词.DoyouknowthewomanwhosenameisMary.Passmethedictionarywhosecoverisblack.四.that引导的定语从句,that在从句中做主语或宾语,修饰表示人或物的先行词,作宾语时可省略,不能放在介词后面作宾语.Theletter(that//which)Ireceivedwasfrommyfather.Ican’tfindtheletterthat//whichcamethismorning.Doyoustillrememberthedays(that//which)wespenttogether?Thisisthemanthat//whohelpedme.Thehouse(that//which)weliveinisnotlarge.=Thehouseinwhichweliveisnotlarge.Thedoctor(that//whom//who)youarelookingforisintheroom.五.which引导的定语从句,which在从句中做主语,也可做宾语,或介词的宾语,修饰表示物的先行词.先行词可以是词、短语、句子。Thisisthebook(which/that)youwant.Thebuildingwhich//thatstandsneartheriverisourschool.Theroominwhichthereisamachineisaworkshop.(介词后面的which不能省略)Thehouse(which/that)weliveinisnotlarge.Thisisthewatch(which/that)hewaslookingfor.(在含有介词的动词固定词组中,介词只能放在动词之后,不能放在which之前)六、that和which都可以修饰表示物的先行词,但是下列情况只能用that.①.先行词为不定冠词all,few,little,much,everything,nothing等.All(that)youhavetodoistopractiseeveryday.Thereisn’tmuch(that)Icando.②.先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级所修饰时.Thefirstlesson(that)Ilearnedwillneverbeforgotten.Thisisthebestfilm(that)Ihaveeverseen.③.先行词被all,any,every,few,little,no,some等不定代词修饰时.Ihavereadallthebooks(that)yougaveme.④.先行词被theonly,thevery,thelast,thesame等修饰时.ThewhitefloweristheonlyonethatIreallylike.ThisistheverybookthatIwanttoread.ThisisthesamebookthatIwanttoread.(同一本书)----ThisisthesamebookasIwanttoread.⑤.当主句以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时,定语从句that引导.Whoisthemanthatisstandingthere?Whichofusthatknowssomethingaboutphysicsdoesn’tknowthis?⑥先行词既有人又有物时。Wetal