奥氏体不锈钢演讲文档.docx

Austeniticstainlesssteel,referstotheausteniticatroomtemperaturewithstainlesssteel.Thesteelcontainsabout18%Cr,8%~10%Ni,Cabout0.1%,withastableaustenitestructure.Austeniticchromiumnickelstainlesssteelincludesthefamous18Cr-8NisteelandhighCr-Niseriessteelwhich,onthisbasis,increasesthecontentofCr,NiandMo,Cu,Si,Nb,Tiandotherelements.Themostpartofitisaustenite,andthereisalittleferritephaseinit.铁素体的消除Productionprocess由于合金元素(特别是铬)含量高而碳含量又低，多采用电弧炉加氩氧脱碳(AOD)或真空脱氧脱碳(VOD)法大批量生产这类不锈钢材，对于高级牌号的小批量产品可采用真空或非真空非感应炉冶炼，必要时加电渣重熔。Duetothealloyelements(CR)contentishighandcarboncontentislow,theuseofarcfurnacewithargonoxygendecarburization(AOD)orvacuumdeoxidizingdecarburization(VOD)methodtomassproducethiskindofstainlesssteelispopular,forseniorgradesofsmallbatchproductscanbeusedwithorwithoutavacuuminductionfurnacesmelting,whennecessarywithelectroslagremelting.200Series:chromiumnickelmanganeseausteniticstainlesssteel300series:chromiumnickelausteniticstainlesssteel(304)1)withMotoimprovethepittingandcrevicecorrosionresistance2)dropCoraddTi,Nb,reduceintergranularcorrosiontendency3)plusNiandCrtoimprovethehightemperatureoxidationresistanceandstrength4)withNitoimprovetheresistancetostresscorrosion.5)plusS,Seimprovethemachinabilityandsurfaceprecision.AusteniticstainlesssteelwaspublishedinGermanyin1913,hasbeenplayingthemostimportantroleinstainlesssteel,anditsproductioncapacityanduseofthetotalamountofstainlesssteelandabout70%ofthetotaloutputandconsumption.铬镍奥氏体不锈钢优良的热塑性使其易于施以锻造、轧制、热穿孔和挤压等热加工，钢锭加热温度为1150～1260℃，变形温度范围一般为900～1150℃，含铜、氮以及用钛、铌稳定化的钢种偏靠低温，而高铬、钼钢种偏靠高温。由于导热差，保温时间应较长。热加工后工件空冷即可。