大学毕业论文-—水塔智能水位控制系统设计.doc

PAGEVI毕业设计水塔智能水位控制系统设计摘要水塔水位的控制系统是我国供水系统较为常用的，水塔供水的主要问题是塔内水位应该始终保持在一定的范围内，避免“空塔”、“溢塔”现象发生。传统的控制方式存在控制精度低、能耗大的缺点，而智能控制系统的成本低，安装方便，灵敏性好，是节约水源，方便生活的水塔水位控制的理想装置。本设计介绍的是一种由AT89C51单片机为主控元件的电压传感器的水塔水位测量系统。压力传感器一般由弹性敏感元件和位移敏感元件组成。弹性敏感元件的作用是使被测压力作用于某个面积上并转换为位移或应变，然后由位移敏感元件或应变计转换为与压力成一定关系的电信号。测量时首先由安装在塔底的压力传感器感应被测水位高度并将其转换成电信号，经过信号调理电路进行滤波、放大，输出相应的直流电压信号，然后输入到串行的A/D转换器中进行模-数转换，模-数转换以后得到的数字信号直接送入单片机，经过单片机分析处理后根据相应的结果通过继电器对水泵电机进行控制，从而进行对水位的控制，于此同时将测量结果显示出来。关键词:单片机;压力传感器;水位控制Watertower’sintelligentwaterlevelcontrolsystemdesignAbstractWatertower’swaterlevelcontrolsystemisrelativelycommonlyusedintheChinesewatersupplysystem;themainproblemofthewatertower’swatersupplyisthewaterlevelinthewatertowershouldalwaysremainwithinacertainrange,toavoidthe“emptytower”,“overflow”towerphenomenon.Traditionalcontrolmodeexisttheshortcomingofcontrolprecisionlow,energyconsumptionbig,andthecostofintelligentcontrolsystemislow,easyinstallation,andgoodsensitivity,itistheidealdevicetosavewater,tofacilitatethelifeofthewatertower’swaterlevelcontrol.ThisdesignintroducesisAT89C51microcontrollerasamastercomponentofthevoltagesensorofthewatertower’swaterlevelmeasurementsystem.Thepressuresensorisgenerallycomposedbytheelasticsensingelementanddisplacementsensitivecomponents.Theroleoftheelasticsensingelementistomaketestedpressureinacertainareaandconvertedtodisplacementorstrain,thenthedisplacementsensitivecomponentsorstraingaugeisconvertedtoacertainrelationshipwiththepressureoftheelectricalsignals.Firstthepressuresensorinstalledinthebottomofthesensormeasuredtheheightofwaterlevelmeasurementsandconvertedintoelectricalsignals,afterthesignalconditioningcircuitfiltering，amplification,outputDCvoltagesignal,theentertheserialA/Dconverterforanalog-digitalconversion,afteranalog-digitalconversion,thedigitalsignaldirectlyintothemicrocontroller,aftermicroprocessoranalysisprocessingaccordingtotheresultsthrougharelaytocontrolthepumpmotor,thuscontrolofwaterlevel,atthesametimethemeasurementresultsaredisplayed.Keywords:SCM;pressurese