对《野性的呼唤》中巴克形象的分析.doc

对《野性的呼唤》中巴克形象的分析AnAnalysisofBuckinTheCalloftheWildAbstract:JackLondonisoneoftheoutstandingwritersin20thcentury.HeisrenownedbothinmodernAmericanliteratureandeventheworldliterature.TheCalloftheWildisoneofthemostfamousworkswhichisaboutadogandawolfinworldliterature.Ittellsusastorythatadog(Buck)wasdotedonhumanthensoldtotradersasashepherddog.AndthenhebecomealeadingdogFinallyheisassimilatedtobeawolfinthecallofthewolves.DuringthemodelingoftheBuckimage,thewriterputtheBuck’shumannatureintowildnature.Whileitswildnatureisembodiedinthehumannature,andthehumannatureandthewildnaturewerebothexistedinBuck.Eventually,thewildnatureovercamethehumannature,andBuckmetamorphosedfromadogintoawolf.Thewriterrevealedtheessenceoftheintriguingagainsteachotherandcruelscramblinginhumanbeingsinthatrealsocietybymetaphorizingtheruinofthewildworld“humannature”andrecrudescenceofthe“wildnature”.Thisessaydiscussestheauthor’sviewpointsandphilosophyofhislifebyanalyzingBuck’scharacterchanging.Keywords:Buck;JackLondon;wolf-changing;survivalofthefittest;humannature;wildnature摘要：杰克·伦敦是20世纪初美国极富盛名的作家，在现代美国文坛和世界文坛都享有崇高的位。他的《野性的呼唤》讲述了一只名叫巴克的狗经历了被人宠爱，被人贩卖作为一只拉雪橇犬至成为一只领头狗，最后在狼群的叫声中逐渐被同化为一只狼的过程。作者在巴克形象的塑造中，将巴克的人性寓于兽性中，其兽性中又体现着人性，人性和兽性在巴克身上争斗，最终兽性占据了统治地位，巴克蜕变成一只狼。作者通过喻写动物世界中的“人性”的沦丧和“野性”的复发，来揭示当时人类社会人与人之间勾心斗角于残酷争夺的本质。本文将通过巴克形象转变的塑造来反映作者对现实“文明社会”的看法以及自己的人生哲学。关键词：巴克；杰克•伦敦;狼变；适者生存；人性；野性ContentsI.Introduction…………………………………………..……….……..1II.BackgroundInformation……………………………...…………….1III.TheSurvivaloftheFittestTheory…………………...……...……..2A.Thedefinitionofsurvivalofthefittesttheory……………………..…..2B.SurvivalofthefittesttheoryinTheCalloftheWild……..…..................2Ⅳ.TheSuperdogImageofBuck………………...…………...……….4Ⅴ.TheAnalysisoftheReturnofBuck………………………..………5A.TheReturn—requitethelittlekindnesswitheverythingyoucan……....5B.TheRupture—goneforthewilderness……………………………...6Ⅵ.Hesitation—StruggleintheCivilizedSociety…………………...6Ⅶ.Discovering—TheThinkingtotheRealSociety……………......….7Ⅷ.TheTransitionofJackLondon’sWorldViewandLifePhilosophy……