乳液聚合法制备纳米聚合物微球-毕设论文.doc

河南理工大学本科毕业论文PAGEXXIII河南理工大学2010届本科毕业论文摘要纳米聚合物微球由于其特殊的结构，具有比表面积大、吸附性强、凝集作用大及表面反应能力强等特性。它在许多领域有着重要的作用，例如可作为粒度标准物质和制备胶粒晶体的原料，也可作为模板制备微胶囊及多孔材料。本文采用乳液聚合法制备出了粒度在20~50nm的聚苯乙烯(PS)胶体微球，同时考察了单体浓度，乳化剂用量，温度等工艺条件对PS微球的粒度及单分散性的影响。研究发现，微球平均粒径随单体浓度升高而增大，随乳化剂用量的增加先增大后减小，随温度的升高而减小。在苯乙烯的质量为4.025g，水的质量为56g，过硫酸钾的质量为0.0305g，苯乙烯磺酸钠的质量为0.403g，温度为80℃的实验条件下成功制备出平均粒径为42.23nm的单分散聚苯乙烯微球。同时尝试超声乳液聚合法制备PS微球，考察了超声时间对PS微球的粒度的影响，研究发现，微球平均粒径随超声时间延长而增大。关键词：乳液聚合；纳米；单分散；聚苯乙烯微球AbstractThenano-polymermicrospherehaslargesurfacearea,strongadsorption,aggregation,andsurfacereactionabilityandsoonduetoitsspecialstructure.Itplaysanimportantroleinmanyareas,forexample,itcanbeusedasthesizestandardmaterialsandmaterialsofpreparingcolloidalcrystals,andthetemplatetopreparemicro-capsulesandporousmaterials.Themonodispersedpolystyrene(PS)colloidalmicrosphereswerepreparedbyemulsionpolymerizationandthemicrospheres’averageparticlesizeare20~50nm.Atthesametime，someconditionssuchastheconcentrationofmonomers,emulsifiercontent,temperatureandotherprocessingconditionsonmonodisperseandparticlesizeofPSmicrosphereswereinvestigated.thattheaverageparticlesizeincreasesasthemonomerconcentrationincreasess;theaverageparticlesizeincreasesatfirstandthendecreasesastheemulsifierincreases;theaverageparticlesizedecreasesasthetemperaturerises.Theaverageparticlesizeof42.23nmmonodispersepolystyrenemicrosphereswassuccessfullypreparedintheexperimentalconditions:thequalityofstyreneis4.025g,thequalityofwateris56g,thequalityofThequalityofpotassiumpersulfate)is0.0305g,thequalityofStyrenesulfonateis0.403gandthetemperatureis80℃.AtthesametimewetrytouseultrasonicdispersionmethodtopreparesmallparticlesizeofPSmicrospheres,andinvestigatetheimpactofultrasonictimeonthePSmicrosphereparticlesize,wefoundthataverageparticlesizeincreaseswhenweprolongtheultrasonictime.Keywords:emulsionpolymerization;nm;monodispersed;polystyrenemicrospheres目录TOC\o"1-3"\h\uHYPERLINK\l_Toc23751摘要PAGEREF_Toc23751IHYPERLINK\l_Toc14775AbstractPAGEREF_Toc14775IIHYPERL