防气抽油泵设计.doc

1490008574防气抽油泵设计摘要：在高气液比油井中，气体对泵效的影响十分严重。这些气体占据泵腔的部分体积，会降低泵腔内的充满度，导致抽油泵阀球开启滞后，甚至出现“气锁”现象。“气锁”时还会发生“液压冲击”，造成有杆抽油系统的振动，加速其损坏。结果造成抽油机井频繁作业，使检泵周期缩短，开发成本增加。本文介绍的防气抽油泵采用机械起动和关闭的标枪阀结构，克服了气锁现象。本文首先介绍了国内外抽油泵的发展现状，接着论述了防气抽油泵的工作原理，初步确定了气液抽油泵的整体结构。然后对气液抽油泵的整体结构、尺寸进行了设计计算，确定了泵的外径和泵筒的长度。最后对抽油泵的主要零件，如泵筒、柱塞、泵阀、阀罩等进行了设计计算以及校核，并对抽油泵的排量进行了计算。通过本文的研究，对抽油泵的研制起到一定的促进作用。关键词：气锁；防气抽油泵；低产；结构设计Anti-gaspumpdesignAbstractInthewellwithhighgas/oilratio,thegashasthedestructiveinfluencetothepumpefficiency.Thesegasesholdpartialvolumesofpumpcavityandreducethefullnessinthepumpcavity,whichwillcausethevalveball’sopeninglagofsuckerrodpumpsandwillevenresultinthe“gaslock”.The“shockfromhydraulicpressure”followsthe“gaslock”,whichcausesthevibrationofoilpumpingsystemandacceleratesitsdamage.Theresultcreatesthefrequentworkofoilpumpingwell,reducesthepumpexaminingcycleandincreasestheexploitingcost.Thisarticledescribestheanti-gaspumpcanovercomethe“gaslock”bymachinerystartingandtheclosedjavelinvalvestructure.Inthispaper,itintroducesthepumppreventedgas-lockdevelopmentpresentsituation,thendiscussedthegraduateddesign,theworkingprincipleoftheanti-gaspump,andpreliminarilydeterminestheoverallstructureoftheanti-gaspump.Nextitdesignedandcalculatedtheanti-gaspumptotheoverallstructureanddimensions,determinedthepumpdiameterandthelengthofthepumpcylinder.Intheend,themainparts,suchaspumpcylinder,pumpplunger,pumpvalveandvalvecover,aredesigned,calculatedandcheckedforpump,thentheoutputvolumeiscalculated.Eventually,itdeterminesanti-gaspumpwhattheydesigncanpreventeffectivelygas-lockandworknormally.Theiraresomecertaineffectsthoughstudyofthispaperinpromotethedevelopoftheoilpump.Keywords:gaslock;anti-gaspump;lowproduction;Structuredesig目录TOC\o"1-3"\h\z\uHYPERLINK\l"_Toc295160349"1绪论PAGEREF_Toc295160349\h1HYPERLINK\l"_Toc295160350"1.1国内外抽油泵发展现状PAGEREF_Toc295160350\h1HYPERLINK\l"_Toc295160351"1.1.1国外抽油泵发展及介绍PAGEREF_Toc295160351\h1HYPERLINK\l"_Toc295160352"1.1.2国内抽油泵发展及介绍PAGEREF_Toc295160352\h3HYP