水溶性低聚壳聚糖的工艺探究学位论文.doc

毕业论文题目名称水溶性低聚壳聚糖的工艺探究学院文理学院专业/班级应用化学12101学生姓名郝建涛班级学号41312133指导教师陈琼摘要壳聚糖作为一种化学产品，给人们的衣食住行已带来了很大到好处。为了确定以虾蟹壳为原料制取壳聚糖的改良新工艺的最佳条件，于是通过单因素实验选取实验因素与水平的探讨和研究，其工艺条件为：10%盐酸溶液和15%的助剂乙酸于常温水浴持续搅拌4h进行脱钙，以10%氢氧化钠溶液于90℃的水浴中持续搅拌6h进行脱蛋白；以10%过氧化氢于常温浸泡2h进行了完全的脱色素过程，此时便可得到可溶于0.1mol/L盐酸的甲壳素.根据Box-Benhnken的中心组合实验设计原理，在单因素试验的基础上采用三因素三水平的响应面分析法。将制取的甲壳素于三颈烧瓶中加入31%氢氧化钠溶液,55%助剂乙醇溶液于110℃的水浴中持续搅拌8h进行了脱乙酰的过程,得到不溶于0.1mol/L盐酸的壳聚糖.用甲基红指示剂标定法测定脱乙酰度.依据回归分析确定各工艺的影响因子，以壳聚糖的脱乙酰度为响应值做响应面和等值曲线图.最后将制取的壳聚糖在一定条件下进行降解得到水溶性低聚壳聚糖.关键词：甲壳素；壳聚糖；脱乙酰度；响应面AbstractChitosanasakindofchemicalproduct,tothedailylifeofthepeoplehasbroughtgreatbenefits.Inordertodeterminewithshrimpandcrabshellasrawmaterialforthepreparationofchitosanmodifiedprocess,theoptimalconditions,andthroughthesinglefactorexperimentselectedexperimentalfactorsandlevelsofthediscussionandtheresearch,thetechnologicalconditions:10%hydrochloricacidsolutionand15%aceticacidadditivesinwaterbathatroomtemperaturecontinuousmixing4hweredecalcified,with10%sodiumhydroxidesolutionin90degcwaterbathincontinuousstirring6hforproteinremoval;with10%hydrogenperoxideatroomtemperaturesoaking2hwerecompletelydepigmentationprocess.Thenwecangetdissolvedin0.1mol/LhydrochloricacidarmourShellelement.Accordingtotheboxbenhnkencentralcompositeexperimentaldesignprinciples,onthebasisofsinglefactorexperimentwiththreefactorsandthreelevelsofresponsesurfaceanalysismethod.Thepreparationofchitininathreeneckedflaskwith31%sodiumhydroxidesolution,55%additiveethanolsolutionto110degcwaterbathwhisking8hthedeacetylationprocess,dissolvedin0.1mol/Lhydrochloricacidchitosan.Withmethylredindicatorcalibrationmethodforthedeterminationofdegreeofdeacetylation.Accordingtotheregressionanalysistodeterminethefactorsaffectingtheprocess,withchitosandeacetylationdegreeasresponsevalueofresponsesurfaceandcontourcurvediagram.Finally,thepreparedchitosaninaThedegradationofwatersolublechitosanwasobtainedundercertainconditions.Keywords:Chitin;chitosan;degreeofacetylation;responsesurface第一章综述1.1甲壳素的发展史甲壳素(Chitin)是一种天然高分子物质,属于多糖碳