电动自行车调速系统设计.pdf

目录第一章引言„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„1第二章系统要求„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„2第三章总体规划„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„4第四章电路设计„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„5第五章主要器件性能及原理„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„105、1MCS-51单片机内部结构„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„105、2A/D转换芯片„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„135、3永磁无刷直流电动机„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„145、4三端式稳压器78L05„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„175、5集成转速传感器KMI15-1„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„215、6译码器„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„255.7电动自行车的核心蓄电池„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„295.8控制器与保护功能„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„30第六章电动自行车的维修和保养„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„33第七章结束语„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„34第八章致谢„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„35参考文献„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„36摘要单片机控制的永磁无刷直流电动机调速系统适用于电动自行车等小功率的工作情况。并能将多余的电能回溃。该系统具有调速性能好、功率因数高、节能、体积小、重量轻等优点。本文从系统要求分析入手，将整个系统分成四个部分，分析和讨论了各个部分的电路原理、控制策略、实现方法。详细讨论了系统的各种工况及信号的传递情况，并得到了系统各个部分在不同工况的工作状态。系统各部分的控制电路基于Intel公司的控制芯片8051单片机。根据永磁无刷直流电动机的特性实施脉宽PWM控制，并通过转速传感器测量转速通过八段数码管动态显示转速，通过软硬件的配合，实现了整个系统的设计要求。本文主要是让更多的人正确的认识电动自行车和对电动自行车的主要器件的保养，便与延长电动自行车的寿命。关键词：单片机、脉宽调速系统PWM、永磁无刷直流电动机、八段数码管动态显示、转速传感器，蓄电池AbstractSCMcontrolofpermanentmagnetbrushlessDCmotorspeedcontrolsystemapplicabletoelectricbicycles,andotherlow-powerwork.Redundantpowerandcanreturntocollapse.Thesystemhasgoodspeedperformance,highpowerfactor,energysaving,smallsize,lightweight,andotheradvantages.Thispaperanalyzestherequirementsfromthesystem,thewholesystemwillbedividedintofourparts,analysisanddiscussionofthevariouspartsofthecircuitofthecontrolstrategy,implementationmethod.Discussedindetailthestatusofthevarioussystemsandsignaltransduction,andhavethesystemindifferentpartsofthestatethestatusofthework.PartofthesystemcontrolcircuitbasedonIntel's8051chipmicrocontroller.AccordingtothepermanentmagnetbrushlessDCmotorcontrolofthePWMpulsewidth,speedsensorandpassedthrougheighthspeeddigitaldynamicdisplayofspeed,throughhardwareandsoftwaresupport,fortheentiresystemdesignrequirements.Thispaperisdesignedtoallowmorepeopletothecorrectunderstandingofelectricbicycles,andelectricbicyclesonthemaindevicemaintenance,andwouldextendthelifeofelectricbicycles.Keywords:SCM,PWMpu