70t级铁路储油罐车焊接结构及工艺设计.doc

摘要随着中国成功地加入世界贸易组织(WTO)，中国的经济取得了空前的高速发展。国家投资基础设施建设的力度越来越大，各种物资的流通运输和周转量逐年增加，经济发展对交通运输行业提出了更高的要求和挑战。铁道运输作为国民经济发展的大动脉，货车运能远远不能满足物资运输的需求，铁道运输“重载化”已成为现阶段铁路运输的重要课题。为提高运能，适应国民经济发展的需要，近年来，铁道部实施了跨越式发展战略，铁路货车向“重载化、快捷化”的方向发展，出台了70t级货车的重载技术政策，先后研制成功了70t级新型敞车、平车、棚车等重载货车，为全面开行重载列车创造了条件。70t级新型轻、粘油罐车是按照铁路货车重载技术政策要求设计开发的轴重23t的重载罐车，该车采用无中粱结构，载重较G70和G17B型罐车提高8t和7t。为适应重载，提高了车辆强度校核标准，新型罐车对车辆结构的可靠性提出了更高的要求，牵枕结构作为罐车车承上启下的关键部件，传递着牵引和各项冲击载荷，承载着各种垂向、横向载荷，受力非常复杂，该结构的可靠性直接关系到罐车整车的运行安全。本文通过对70t级新型无中梁罐车牵枕结构的设计、选型和开发思路作以论述，探讨无中粱罐车牵栋结构的一般规律，从而对一般无中梁罐车的设计和选型提供帮助。关键词：70t级；无中梁罐车；车枕结构；设计；分析AbstractWithChina'ssuccessfulaccessiontotheWorldTradeOrganization(WTO),China'seconomyhasachievedanunprecedentedhigh-speeddevelopment.Increasingtheintensityofthenationalinvestmentininfrastructureconstruction,distributionandtransportationofvariousmaterialsandtheturnoverincreasedyearbyyear.Economicdevelopmenthasputforthhigherdemandsandchallengesonthetransportationindustry.RailwayTransportasthemainarteryofthenationaleconomicdevelopment,,truckedfarcannotmeettheneedsofthetransportationofmaterials,andtheRailwayTransport"overload"hasbecomeanimportantissueofrailtransportatthepresentstage.Inordertoimprovethetransportcapacitytomeettheneedsofnationaleconomicdevelopment,theMinistryofRailwaysimplementedaleap-forwarddevelopmentstrategyinrecentyearswhichleadedthedevelopmentofrailwaywagonstothe"overloaded,time-saved"ofthedirection.Ithasbroughtouttheoverloadedtechnologypolicyfor70tclasstruckincludinga70tclassofnewgondolacar,flatcar,boxcarandotherheavygoodsvehicles,andhascreatetheconditionsforthefullopeninglineofheavyhaultrain.70tclassofnewlight,stickyoiltankerisanoverloadedtankers(axleload23t),astubsilltangkcar,whichisdesignedanddevelopedwithaccordancetotherequirementofrailwaywagonsoverloadedtechnolo