江苏省苏州市2022-2023学年第一学期期中考试高二英语模拟试题(Word版含答案).pdf

江苏省苏州市2022-2023学年高二第一学期期中考试英语试题（满分120）一、阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（本题共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。(A)Scientistssaytheyhavedevelopedasystemthatusesmachinelearningtopredictwhenandwherelightningwillstrike.Researchersreportthesystemisabletopredictlightningstrikesupto30minutesbeforetheyhappenwithina30-kilomcterarea.Lightningisastrongburstofelectricityintheatmosphere.Sinceitcarriesanextremelypowerfulelectricalcharge,itcancauseverydeadlyresults.Europeanresearchershaveestimatedthatbetween6,000and24,000peoplearekilledbylightningworldwideeachyear.Forthisreason,climatescientistshavelongsoughttodevelopmethodstopredictlightning.Thesystemtestedintheexperimentsusesacombinationofdatafromweatherstationsandmachinelearningmethods.Theresearchersdevelopedapredictionmodelthatwastrainedtorecognizeweatherconditionsthatwerelikelytocauselightning.Themodelwascreatedwithdatacollectedovera12-yearperiodfrom12Swissweatherstationsincitiesandmountainareas.Thedata,relatedtofourmainsurfaceconditions:airpressure,airtemperature,relativehumidity（湿度）andwindspeed,wasplacedintoauniquemachinelearningalgorithm(算法）,whichcomparedittorecordsoflightningstrikes.Researcherssaythealgorithmwasthenabletolearntheconditionsunderwhichlightninghappens.Theresearcherstest-ranthesystemseveraltimes.Theyfoundthatthesystemmadepredictionsthatprovedcorrectalmost80percentofthetime."Itcannowbeusedanywhere,"theSwissFederalInstituteofTechnologysaidinastatement.TheresearchersplantokeepdevelopingthetechnologyinpartnershipwithaEuropeaneffortthataimstocreatealightningprotectionprogram.TheeffortiscalledtheEuropeanLaserLightningRodproject.Scientistsworkingontheprojectareexperimentingwithalasertechnologythatcouldsomedaycontrollightningactivity,transferringlightningchargesfromcloudstotheground,Theyhopethatsuchtechnologycanonedaybeusedasprotectionagainstlightningstrikes.Possibleusescouldbeatstations,airportsorplaceswherelargecrowdsgather.()1.Whywasthesystemdeveloped?A.Tokeeptrackoflightningdeaths.B.Tomeetpeople'scuriosityaboutl