高考非谓语动词讲解.ppt

非谓语动词非谓语形式I.非谓语动词时态、语态形式对照表：▲在成份上非谓语动词大都可在句中作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语等.1.Thiscupisbroken.2.Thisisabrokencup.3.Ifoundthecupbroken.4.BrokenbyTom,thecupcan’tbeused.1.Swimmingishisfavoritesport.2.Heenjoysswimming.3.Ifoundhimswimmingintheriver.4.Hisfavoritesportisswimming.5.Heisthemanswimmingintheriverjustnow.6.SwimminginSummer,wecangetcool.▲ed+主句（不强调时间先后）;Beinged+主句（强调主句和从句动作同时发生）;Havingbeened+主句（强调时间先后）如不强调时间先后可用ed,一般式来代替.二、ing-form和todo作宾语的区别：(2)下列动词通常用~ing形式作宾语：(3)下列动词接不定式与接~ing形式意义相近：Iprefertostayathometoday．(具体某次行为)Hepreferswalkingtocycling．(惯常行为)*一般说来不能用于进行时的动词如：realize，know，understand，see，lose等，多用不定式如：IbegantorealizeIhadbeenwrong.Wehatetolosethechance.Nowwearebeginningtoseeitmoreclearly.(4)下列动词接不定式与接~ing形式时意义不同：③remembertodo记得要做某事(此事未做)/rememberdoing记得某事已做过(此事已做)如：Irememberseeingheroncesomewhere．Youmustremembertotakeyourumbrellawhenyouleavehome．④goontodo继续做另一件事goondoing接着做同一件事如：Shestoodupandshookhandswithme,andthenshewentonwritingsomething．AfterIfinishedmyhomework,1wentontoreadthenovel．⑤trytodo企图／想做某事trydoing试着做某事(看看有什么后果发生)如：Wetriedtopersuadehimtogowithus,buthewouldn’tlisten．Let'strydoingtheworksomeotherway.⑥meantodo(意思是)想做某事meandoing意味着做某事如：Revolutionmeanslibratingtheproductiveforce．Sorry,Ididn'tmeantohurtyou．⑦regrettodo遗憾地做某事(通常后接say,tell等动词)/regretdoing后悔做了某事如：Iregrettotellthatyoudidn’tpasstheexamagain．Heregrettedhavingtoldherthebadnews．(5)注意有些动词如：advise，permit,allow，admit，forbid，imagine，consider接不定式与接~ing形式的不同结构。②这些动词后面直接跟非谓语动词时，用动名词~doing.在表示“除……外”的介词but和except后有时可接不定式，当前面有行为动词do时，不定式不带to，当前面有行为动词do时，要带to三.不定式、现在分词、过去分词作宾补的区别：(看到他从自行车上掉下来，并且摔伤了腿。动作有先后，是全过程。)Theyweremadetoworkdayandnight．(他们被迫日夜干活，天天如此，不是某个时刻正在干活。)*过去分词作宾补和宾语在逻辑上有被动关系。如：Iheardmynamecalledbysomeone．(我的名字被叫，myname和called是被动关系。)Ifeltagreatweighttakenoffmymind.(重担被卸下来了，agreatweight和takenoff是被动关系。)四.todo,ing-form和ed-form作定语如果这这个作定语的不定式是一个不及物动词，注意不可忽略不定式短语中的副词或介词。如：Ineedapentowritewith．(可看成：towritewiththepen)Shenowhasnothingtoworryabout．(可看成：toworryaboutnothing)(3)不定式、现在分词和过去分词作定语有时在时态和语态上有区别：todo表示1.