出生错误的损害赔偿问题研究.docx

=2\*ROMANII出生错误的损害赔偿问题研究摘要随着现代科学技术的进步与发展，人们在思想意识方面也有了进一步的提升。为了培育良性后代，优生优育的理念已经深入人心。与此相应，由医务人员的过失致使“错误出生”问题就被人们格外关注。大多数胎儿的父母都会选择在孕期到医院做反复的检查，更有甚者会同时选择几家医院进行检查，通过依靠医院方的不断检查来避免胎儿出生时带有缺陷；其目的就是为了确保胎儿的正常发育和健康出生。然而近些年来，因为医院方未能及时告知胎儿父母胎儿异常，从而生出畸形婴儿的纠纷和诉讼数量明显增多。由于医院方的过失未能发现或未尽到及时合理告知义务导致孕妇生出有缺陷的婴儿，给婴儿父母乃至整个家庭带来巨大的精神痛苦和巨额医疗费用，因此类损害由婴儿父母向法院起诉的案例即为“错误出生”的损害赔偿案例。现今针对此类案件我国并没有明确的法律规定，全国各地针对此类案件的判决也都不同。本文从“错误出生”的定义出发比较研究各国和地区关于“错误出生”的法律规定和司法实践，主张我国侵权法应当引入“错误出生”的概念，确认“错误出生”的损害赔偿责任。从侵权法的角度来研究“错误出生”侵权损害赔偿的合理性。关键词：“错误出生”损害赔偿责任过失=3\*ROMANIIIResearchonthecompensationforthewrongbirthABSTRACTWiththeprogressanddevelopmentofmodernscienceandtechnology,peoplehavefurtherpromotioninideology.Inordertocultivatebenignoffspring,theconceptofeugenicshasbeendeeplyrooted.Accordingly,thefaultofthemedicalpersonnelcausestheproblemof"wrongbirth"tobepaidattentionto.Mostfetalparentswillchoosetogotothehospitalduringpregnancytodorepeatedtests,butalsochooseseveralhospitalstocheck,byrelyingonthehospitalsideofthecontinuousinspectiontoavoidbirthdefects,thepurposeistoensurefetalnormaldevelopmentandhealthybirth.Inrecentyears,however,thenumberofdisputesandlawsuitsinvolvingmalformedinfantshasincreasedmarkedlybecausethehospitalhasfailedtoinformfetalparentsoffetalabnormalitiesintime.Becausethenegligenceofthehospitalsidefailstodiscoverordonotfulfiltheobligationoftimelyandreasonableinformingthepregnantwomantoproducethedefectivebaby,causesgreatmentalanguishandhugemedicalexpensestotheinfantparentsandeventhewholefamily,sothecasethattheclassdamagesissuedbytheinfantparentstothecourtisthe"wrongbirth"caseofdamages.Therearenoclearlegalprovisionsforsuchcasesinourcountry,andthejudgmentsagainstsuchcasesaredifferentthroughoutthecountry.Basedonthedefinitionof"false