磁通门传感器.doc

吉林大学本科毕业论文（设计）摘要三分量磁通门地磁场检测装置是应用磁通门传感器对地磁场进行测量的矢量检测装置。与其它类型测磁仪器相比，磁通门传感器具有分辨率高，测量弱磁场范围宽，体积小、重量轻、功耗低，经济性好，能够直接测量磁场的失量和适于在高速运动系统中使用等特点，被广泛应用于各种领域。本文分析了磁通门传感器的工作原理，详细论述了如何采用数字检波的方法进行信号处理.本文还介绍了三分量地磁场检测装置硬件电路的设计和单片机程序。检测装置主要由三分量磁通门传感器、单片机最小系统、A/D数据采集电路和串口电路构成。三分量磁通门传感器检测到磁场的矢量大小，输出信号经过有源滤波器和放大器处理后得到三路幅度与磁场各分量大小成正比的正弦信号。A/D同时对三路信号进行4倍频采样，将两个周期的采样数据传送到单片机，然后单片机通过串行端口将数据发送到计算机，最后由计算机完成数据的处理和分析。关键词三分量地磁场数字检波数据采集串行端口TheDesignofGeomagneticFieldDetectionDeviceBasedonThree-componentFluxgateSensorsAbstratThethree-componentfluxgategeoamagneticfielddetectiondeviceisakindofvectordetectiondevicewhichcanmeasurethegeoamagneticfielddirectly.Comparedwithotherinstrumentswhichcanmeasuregeomagneticfield,thefluxgatesensorhasthevirtueofsmallsize,lightweight,lowpowerconsumptionandgoodeconomy,isusedwidelyindifferentfields.Thispaperintroducestheworkingprincipleofthefluxgatesensorandthedigitaldemodulationmethodindetail.Thedesignofhardwarecircuitofthethree-componentfluxgategeomagneticfielddetectiondeviceandprogammingofMCUarealsointroducedinthispaper.Thedetectiondeviceconsistsofthree-componentfluxgatesensors,MCUsystem,A/Ddataacquisitioncircuitandcomportcommunicationcircuit.Themagneticvectorisdetectedbythethree-componentfluxgatesensors,signalsoutputfromthesenorsareprocessedbyactivefiltersandamplifiers.Thentherearethreesinusoidalsignals,whoseamplitudeareproportionaltothemagnitudeofgeomagneticfieldcomponent.TheA/Dconvertorproduces4pointssamplingsignals,andtransmitsdataoftwocyclestoCPU,thenCPUsendthedatatocomputerviathecomport.Finally,thedataisprocessedandanalyzedbycomputer.KeywordsthreecomponentsgeomagneticfieldDigitaldemodulationDataAcquisitionComPort目录TOC\o"1-3"\f\u摘要PAGEREF_Toc232330474\h1AbstratPAGEREF_Toc2