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2022六级阅读原文及参考答案解析.docx

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2022六级阅读原文及参考答案解析Questions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassageProfessorStephenHawkinghaswarnedthatthecreationofpowerfulartificialintelligence(AI)willbe“eitherthebest,ortheworstthing,evertohappentohumanity”,andpraisedthecreationofanacademicinstitutededicatedtoresearchingthefutureofintelligenceas“crucialtothefutureofourcivilizationandourspecies.”HawkingwasspeakingattheopeningoftheLeverhulmeCentrefortheFutureofIntelligence(LCFI)atCambridgeUniversity,amulti-disciplinaryinstitutethatwillattempttotacklesomeoftheopen-endedquestionsraisedbytherapidpaceofdevelopmentinAIresearch.“Wespendagreatdealoftimestudyinghistory,”Hawkingsaid,“which,let’sfaceit,ismostlythehistoryofstupidity.Soit’sawelcomechangethatpeoplearestudyinginsteadthefutureofintelligence.”Whiletheworld-renownedphysicisthasoftenbeencautiousaboutAI,raisingconcernsthathumanitycouldbethearchitectofitsowndestructionifitcreatesasuper-intelligencewithawillofitsown,hewasalsoquicktohighlightthepositivesthatAIresearchcanbring.“Thepotentialbenefitsofcreatingintelligencearehuge,”hesaid.“WecannotpredictwhatwemightachievewhenourownmindsareamplifiedbyAI.Perhapswiththetoolsofthisnewtechnologicalrevolution,wewillbeabletoundosomeofthedamagedonetothenaturalworldbythelastone–industrialization.Andsurelywewillaimtofinallyeradicatediseaseandpoverty.Andeveryaspectofourliveswillbetransformed.Inshort,successincreatingAIcouldbethebiggesteventinthehistoryofourcivilization.”HuwPrice,thecentre’sacademicdirectorandtheBertrandRussellprofessorofphilosophyatCambridgeUniversity,whereHawkingisalsoanacademic,saidthatthecentrecameaboutpartiallyasaresultoftheuniversity’sCentreforExistentialRisk.Thatinstituteexaminedawiderrangeofpotentialproblemsorhumanity,whiletheLCFIhasanarrowfocus.AIpioneerMargaretBoden,professorofcognitivescienceattheUniversityofSussex,praisedtheprogressofsuchdiscussions.Asrecentlyas2009,shesaid,thetopicwasn’ttakenseriously,evenamongAIresearchers.“AIishugelyexciting,”shesaid,“butithaslimitations,whichpresentgracedangersgivenuncriti