高考英语复习 语法试题的干扰项分析和答题技巧.rar

用心爱心专心122号编辑20高考英语复习语法试题的干扰项分析和答题技巧一、非谓语动词近几年的语法测试中非谓语动词约占31.1%，平均每年近5道题，可谓是语法项目考查的重点，那么非谓语动词的考查都有哪些特点，解答时又应注意些什么呢？下面我和大家就一起来分析一下：1、非谓语动词考查特点1)谓语动词与非谓语动词的判断对谓语动词与非谓语动词区别的考查主要集中在独立主格结构，如：Allthings___becauseofthesnowstorm,manypassengerscoulddonothingbuttakethetrain.(1999.1)A.hadbeencanceledB.havebeencanceledC.werecanceledD.havingbeencanceled四个选项中有三个是谓语动词，只有D是非谓语动词，只要同学们能判断出这里是非谓语动词做状语，则不用考虑时态的问题，答案自明。2)谓语动词后不定式与动名词的选择谓语动词后接不定式还是接动名词也是四级语法测试中的一个题眼。如：①Idon'tmind____thedecisionaslongasitisnottoolate.(2000.1)A.youtodelaymakingB.yourdelayingmakingC.yourdelayingtomakeD.youdelaytomake②HadIremembered____thewindows,thethiefwouldnothavegotin.(1996.1)A.tocloseB.closingC.tohaveclosedD.havingclosed③Yourhairwants______.You'dbetterhaveitdonetomorrow.A.cutB.tocutC.cuttingD.beingcut(1997.6)这类题涉及三个方面：谓语动词后应该接不定式还是动名词？即可接不定式又可接动名词时，结构和意思上有何差别？不定式与动名词用主动形式还是用被动形式？3)做定语的非谓语动词的选择从近几年的考查情况来看，对做定语的非谓语动词的考查有两种情况：(1)对一般概念的考查，而不是固定结构中的非谓语动词做定语。如：①Theproject____bytheendof2000,willexpandthecity'stelephonenetworktocover1,000,000users.(1999.6)A.accomplishedB.beingaccomplishedC.tobeaccomplishedD.havingbeenaccomplished②IfIcorrectsomeone,Iwilldoitwithsomuchgoodhumorandself-restraintasifIweretheone______.(1996.6)A.tocorrectB.correctingC.havingbeencorrectedD.beingcorrected同学们只要掌握非谓语动词做定语的一般的规律,就可以判断①题答案为C，②题答案为D。(2)对固定结构的考查，如：①Theprofessorcouldhardlyfindsufficientgrounds_____hisargumentsinfavorofthenewtheory.(2000.6)A.tobebasedonB.tobaseonC.whichtobaseonD.onwhichtobase②Thepressure_____causesAmericanstobeenergetic,butitalsoputsthemunderaconstantemotionalstrain.A.tocompeteB.competingC.tobecompetedD.havingcompeted①题为不定式做定语的固定形式，答案为D，②题为某些特定名词的定语结构，答案为A。在英语中有些名词，如动词变来的名词，形容词变来的名词，以及means,way,time,moment,reason等要求其后用不定式做定语，不定式没有体的变化。4)做状语的非谓语动词的选择做状语的非谓语动词主要考查其各种形式的选择，如：①______theearthtobeflat,manyfearedthatColumbuswouldfallofftheedgeoftheearth.(1996.6)A.HavingbelievedB.BelievingC.BelievedD.BeingBelieved②_______ateacherinauniversity,itisnecessarytohaveatleastamaster'sdegree.(1995.1)A.TobecomeB.BecomeC.Onebec