中考英语总复习-语法十-非谓语动词市赛课公开课一等奖省名师优质课获奖PPT课件.pptx

菏泽语法十非谓语动词考点1动词不定式动词不定式基本形式是“to＋动词原形”，否定形式是在不定式前加not。动词不定式含有动词特点，能够有自己宾语和状语，但没有些人称与数改变，在句中也不能作谓语，动词不定式及其宾语和状语组成不定式短语。(1)作主语动词不定式作主语时，能够用动名词替换且惯用it作形式主语，把动词不定式后置，常组成“It＋be＋adj.(＋forsb.)＋动词不定式”。It'simportant(forus)toprotecttheenvironment.(对我们来说)保护环境很主要。(2)作表语MyjobistoteachEnglish.我工作是教英语。(3)作宾语或宾语补足语①接todo作宾语动词或短语有want,begin/start,love,forget,remember,teach,decide,agree,seem,wouldlike,plan等。②接动词不定式作宾语补足语动词有ask,tell,invite,allow,want,wish,encourage等。③在使役动词make,let,have和感官动词see,feel,notice,look,smell等后面作宾语补足语时，不定式符号to要省略。help后不定式可带to也可不带。makesb.dosth.被动语态必须加tomakesb.dosth.中用不带to不定式作宾语补足语，不过变为被动语态时，不定式符号to要还原。(4)作定语Ihavealotofhomeworktodo.我有许多家庭作业要做。★动词不定式与所修饰名词之间是动宾关系，假如不定式是不及物动词，其后要有相关介词。Thecatiseasytotakecareof.这只猫很轻易照料。(5)作状语Mrs.WangwenttoShanghaitoseeherdaughter.王太太去上海看她女儿。(目标)We'regladtomeetyouhere.我们很高兴在这儿见到你。(原因)Heistootiredtoworkon.他太累了不能继续工作了。(结果)(6)“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构疑问词who,what,when,where,how,which等后接动词不定式，在句中作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语等。Theteacheristellingthestudentswhattodo.老师正告诉学生们做什么。Hedidn'tknowwheretogo(＝whereheshouldgo)．他不知道去哪里。(7)含动词不定式特殊句型与短语too...to...太……而不能……Whydon'tyoudosth.？为何不做某事？hadbetterdosth.最好做某事prefertodosth.ratherthandosth.宁愿做某事，而不愿做某事makesb.dosth.让某人去做某事bemadetodosth.被迫做某事1．(·齐齐哈尔中考)—Ittakesmehalfanhour__playingthepiano.Howaboutyou?—Iusuallyspend20minutes__it.A．practicing;onB．topractice;inC．topractice;on2．(·绥化中考)Myparentshavealotofhousework__．A．doB．todoC．doing3．(·齐齐哈尔中考)Itisrainingoutside.Whynot__anumbrella?A．totakeB．takeC．taking4．Asavolunteer,thegirlwantstovisitsickkidsinthehospital__themup.A．tocheerB．cheerC．cheeringD．cheered5．Hefounditimportant__thesituationallovertheworld.A．studyB．tostudyC．studiesD．tobestudied6．(·南充中考)—Mario,yourmobilephoneisringing.—Waitaminute.It'sdangerousforus__itwhilecrossingthestreet.A．answeringB．toanswerC．answerD．answered7．(·宜宾中考)Thechildiscrying.Pleasedosomethingtomakehim__．A．stoptocryB．stopcryingC．tostopcrying8．(·天津中考)Weonlyplanned__theplayforanhour,butintheend,westayedforthreehours.A．watchB．watchesC．towatchD．watched9．Yourfathe