基于单片机的转速测量系统.doc

摘要本论文介绍了一种基于AT89C51单片机平台,采用光电传感器进行电机转速测量的方法,介绍了该测速法的基本原理、实现步骤和软硬件设计。为了设计简单可靠的直流电机测速装置，提出了基于单片机为核心的电机转速测量系统。整个系统的构架包括转速信号的采集，光电转换及信号处理电路设计，整形驱动电路设计，复位电路设计，晶振电路设计，LED显示电路设计。整形放大电路主要是将传感器输出的不稳定的电信号转化成脉冲信号;转速的计算利用单片机AT89C51的定时器和计数器。根据系统编写源程序，并通过运行试验证明。该系统结构简单，测量结果稳定可靠，满足电机的测速要求。关键词：转速测量；单片机；光电传感器；电机AbstractThispaperintroducesaplatformbasedonAT89C51,adoptthemethodofphotoelectricsensortoimplementmotorspeedmeasurement,introducesthebasicprincipleofthespeedmeasuringmethod,implementationstepsandthehardwareandsoftwaredesign.Inordertodesignasimpleandreliabledevicefordcmotorspeedestimation,motorspeedmeasurementsystembasedonsinglechipmicrocomputerasthecoreisputforward.Thearchitectureofthewholesystemincludingthespeedsignalacquisition,rotationspeedsignalprocessing,speedcalculationanddisplay.Plasticamplifyingcircuitismainlythesensoroutputwithoutsidenoiseoftheunstablesignalintopulsesignal;RotationalspeedofthecalculationofAT89C51single-chiptimerandcounter.Writethesourceprogramaccordingtothesystem,andbyrunningtheexperimentprovedthatthesystemhassimplestructure,stableandreliablemeasurementresults,satisfytherequirementofthemotorspeed.Keywords：Speedmeasurement;Singlechipmicrocomputer;Photoelectricsensor;ThemotorTOC\o"1-3"\h\u目录HYPERLINK\l_Toc156751概述PAGEREF_Toc156751HYPERLINK\l_Toc154911.1数字化转速测量系统的发展背景PAGEREF_Toc154911HYPERLINK\l_Toc243391.2本设计课题的目的和意义PAGEREF_Toc243391HYPERLINK\l_Toc306142转速测量系统的原理与方法PAGEREF_Toc306142HYPERLINK\l_Toc187252.1转速测量原理PAGEREF_Toc187252HYPERLINK\l_Toc85282.2转速测量方法PAGEREF_Toc85282HYPERLINK\l_Toc286053系统方案提出和论证PAGEREF_Toc286054HYPERLINK\l_Toc117513.1方案设计PAGEREF_Toc117514HYPERLIN