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中南大学湘雅医学院生理细胞生理功能.pptx

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GeneralFunctionsofCellsPartⅠ:TheFunctionsofCellMembraneEssentialroleofcellmembrane:FacilitateddiffusionActivetransportCharacteristicsoftheTransportbyNa+pumpImportanceoftheNa+-K+PumpSecondaryActiveTransportSecondaryactivetransportOutsidehigherpotassiumandlowerglucoseBulkTransport(EndocytosisandExcytosis)EndocytosisMaterialentersthecellthroughtheplasmamembranewithinvesicles.TypesofEndocytosisExampleofReceptor-MediatedEndocytosisinhumancellsThepathwayofsignaltransductionacrossmembraneSignalacrossmembranetransductionbasedonthereceptor-Gprotein-effectenzymesystemandinductionofthesecondmessages.PartⅡ:CellularBioelectricityConceptionaboutstimulusandexcitabilityMeasurementofcellbioelectricity:TheNobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicine(1963)ColeandcolleaguesdevelopedamethodformaintainingVmatanydesiredvoltagelevel(FBA,FeedbackAmplifier)Requiredmonitoringvoltagechanges,feedingitthroughanamplifiertodrivecurrentintooroutofthecelltodynamicallymaintainthevoltagewhilerecordingthecurrentrequiredtodosoINa=GNa×(Em-ENa)"fortheirdiscoveriesconcerningthefunctionofsingleionchannelsincells"100msDescribingwordsforcellbioelectricity:RestingPotential(RP)Identification:ActionPotential(AP)TheHodgkin-HuxleyModelofActionPotentialGeneration1.NernstformulaENa=59.5Log[Na+]o/[Na+]i(mV)Overshotvalue=ENaTriphasicresponseModernproofofnatureofcurrentsRemovingNa+fromthebathingmedium,INabecomesnegligiblesoIKcanbemeasureddirectly.SubtractingthiscurrentfromthetotalcurrentyieldedINa.Voltage-DependenceofConductanceHowchannelconductancesaccumulateAllorNonecharacterofactionpotentialVariationofexcitabilityondifferentmembranepotentiallevel：GenesisandpropagationofactionpotentiallocalpotentialorlocalresponsePropagationoftheActionPotentialFactorsthataffectthepropagationSaltatoryConductionPartⅢContractionofMuscleCellsSkeletalMuscleSignalTransmissionThroughtheNeuromuscularJunctionSkeletalMuscleInnervationIllustrationoftheNeuromuscularJunction(NMJ)EndPlatePotential(EPP)Meanwhile...NeuromuscularTransmissionAnticholinesteraseAge