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HumananatomyBasicConceptsofAnatomy人体解剖学发展简史GalenHarvey我国人体解剖学发展历程人体解剖教学特点DescriptiveanatomicaltermsThetermsofthedirection(方位术语)Anatomicalaxesandplanes(轴与面)TheLocomotorSystem运动系统Introductionoftheosteology骨学总论Generalstructuresofbone骨结构Chemicalcompositionandphysicalproperties化学成份和物理性质Bonesoftrunk躯干骨GeneralfeaturesofvertebraeRegionalvariationsofvertebraeAtlas寰椎(C1)Bodyandspinousprocessabsent,consistsofanteriorandposteriorarches,andtwolateralmassesGrooveforvertebralartery椎动脉沟ThoracicvertebraeVertebraeBody:larger,kidney-shapeVertebralforamen:largerandtriangularSpinousprocesses:projectshorizontallyTransverseprocesses:longArticularprocesses:sagittalSacrumSternum★Sternalangle胸骨角Ribs肋:12pairCharacteristicsof“typical”ribAtypicalribTheBonesofLimbsBonesofupperlimbsClavicle锁骨Scapula肩胛骨Humerus肱骨RadiusFractureofthedistalendpftheradiusUlnarBonesofLowerLimbHipboneFemur股骨FractureofthefemoralneckTibia胫骨Fibula腓骨Tarsalbones跗骨Metatarsalbones跖骨Skull颅Theskulliscomposedof23bones,whichmaybedividedintothecerebralcraniumandfacialcraniumFrontalbone面颅上颌为中心,上鼻泪,下下颌,外颧内甲后犁腭,舌骨颈前单落脚。Mandible下颌骨Theskullasawhole颅整体观Internalviewofbaseofskull颅底内面观Anteriorcranialfossa颅前窝Meddlecranialfossa颅中窝Meddlecranialfossa颅中窝Posteriorcranialfossa颅后窝Skullseenfrombelow(inferiorview)Lateralviewoftheskull颅侧面观Skullviewedfromthefront(anteriorview)颅前面观Orbit眶Bonynasalcavity骨性鼻腔Paranasalsinuses鼻旁窦Generalcharactersoftheskullatbirth