不同栽培模式对水稻产量和温室气体排放的影响毕业论文.doc

22JIANGXIAGRICULTURALUNIVERSITY本科毕业论文题目：不同栽培模式对水稻产量和温室气体排放的影响学院：国土学院姓名：学号：专业：农业资源与环境班级：资环1001指导教师：职称：讲师二〇一四年五月目录摘要IAbstractII前言11材料与方法11.1供试材料11.2试验设计及田间管理11.3测定项目与方法21.3.1稻田温室气体排放情况21.3.2相关指标计算方法21.3.3数据处理32结果与分析32.1不同栽培模式对甲烷排放通量的影响32.2不同栽培模式对氧化亚氮排放通量的影响42.3不同栽培模式下水稻生长季甲烷和氧化亚氮累积排放量52.4不同栽培模式对水稻产量的影响53讨论与小结6参考文献8致谢10摘要通过优化栽培技术协同实现高产和温室气体减排是发展低碳稻作技术的关键。本文在构建不同栽培技术模式（高产抛栽模式、高产移栽模式和农户模式）的基础上，监测了不同栽培模式下早稻产量及稻田甲烷和氧化亚氮排放的差异。结果表明：高产抛栽模式和高产移栽模式水稻产量均显著高于农户模式，增产幅度分别达到16.4%和17.7%，而高产抛栽模式和高产移栽模式产量之间差异不显著，有效穗数的提高是获得高产的关键。高产抛栽模式全生育期甲烷排放显著低于高产移栽模式和农户模式，而高产移栽模式和农户模式之间差异不显著。高产抛栽模式温室气体排放强度最低，农户模式最高，高产移栽模式居中。因此，抛栽条件下，配以合理的肥料运筹是同步实现水稻高产和温室气体减排的重要技术途径。关键词：栽培模式；早稻；产量；甲烷；氧化亚氮II1AbstractOptimizingcultivationregimesplaysacriticalroleindevelopinglow-carbonricecroppingthatsynchronizeshighyieldsandlowgreenhousegasemissions.Thepresentstudyconstructedthreedifferentcultivationpatternsofearlyrice(high-yieldingthrowingplanting,high-yieldingtransplantingandfarmer’spractice),anddeterminedthedifferencesinriceyields,methaneandnitrousoxideemissions.Resultsshowedthatriceyieldsweresignificantlyincreasedby16.4%and17.7%underhigh-yieldingthrowingplantingandhigh-yieldingtransplantingpatternsrelativetothefarmer’spractice,respectively.Nosignificantdifferencewasobservedbetweenhigh-yieldingthrowingplantingandhigh-yieldingtransplantingpatterns.Higheryieldsweremainlyduetothegreaternumberofpanicles.Methaneemissionscontributedover90%totheglobalwarmingpotentialunderthethreecultivationpatterns.Methaneemissionsweremarkedlowerunderthehigh-yieldingthrowingplantingthanthehigh-yieldingtransplantingandfarmer’spractice,whilethosedidnotsignificantlydifferedbetweenthehigh-yieldingtransplantingandfarmer’spracticepatterns.ChangesintheglobalwarmingpotentialshowedthesametrendasMethaneemissions.Greenhousegasintensitydecreasedinthefollowingorder:high-yieldingthrowingplanting<high-yieldingtransplanting<farmer’spractice.Thus,throwingplantingcoupledwithappropriatefertilizationmanagementmaybeapromisingwaytoachievingsynchronouslyhighyield