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用词英语中同义词尤其丰富,由于英语在许多世纪发展过程中,吸取了其它语言中大量词汇。但我们要切记,在英语中,很难找到在意思和使用办法上完全相同两个词,它们在文体层次、强调程度、感情色彩、语调和搭配上总是会有些许差别。请看下面几组词语:(1)big和large(2)small和little(3)modest和humble[注意]:不要把一个英语词中文译法当作它确实切意思,或者通过中文译法理解英语词汇。为了准确地理解一个英语词意思,最好查阅有英语释义词典。中文翻译并不总是可靠,有时甚至还会造成误解。如:sendeconomic和economicalfamily和homePractice3Directions:Choosethecorrectwordfromtheparenthesestofillintheblank.1.Althoughtheplaceissituatedinthenorth,riceisthefoodofthelocalinhabitants.(principal,principle)2.Theaudiencestoodupwhentheheroappearedontheplatform.(respectfully,respectively)3.Inthelate19thcentury,tensofthousandsofpeoplefromeasternEuropetotheUnitedStates.(emigrated,immigrated)4.Thedefendantpleadedthathewas.(ignorant,innocent)5.Sheistallandandsohasbeenchosenbythefashioncompanytobeamodel.(slender,skinny)6.Wedownonthegrassandlookedupatthesky.(lay,laid)7.Fromthelukewarmresponseoftheaudience,Icanthattheydidnotlikethenewplay.(infer,imply)8.Thereisarumorthatthepriceofgasolinewillagain.(rise,raise)9.Assoonasdangerthreatened,theguardhispost.(abandoned,left)10.Idon’tthinkit’swiseofhimtosuchagoodsuggestion.(refuse,reject)习语(IdiomaticExpressions)英语中习语非常丰富,但就其形式而言可归纳为下列八种常见类型。1短语动词(PhrasalVerbs)●breakout爆发,忽然出现;逃脱,逃走●gointo进入,参与;调查,研究●lookforwardto盼望,期待●putupwith容忍,忍受2名词+介词+名词(Noun+Preposition+Noun)●astrawinthewind(预示事态发展)迹象,苗头,征兆●(like)acatonhotbricks局促不安,如坐针毡,像热锅上蚂蚁●(in)aworldofone’sown沉浸在自己世界中;生活在自己小天地里●(like)afishoutofwater不得其所人;不适应陌生环境人●theappleofone’seyes心肝宝贝;掌上明珠3介词+名词(Preposition+Noun)●offone’sfood(由于生病或情绪低落等而)没有胃口●atlength详细地;最后,终于●inkind以实物(偿付);以同样办法●ontheair广播●withflyingcolors很成功地,出色地4动词+名词(Verb+Noun)●gotothedogs(组织)每况愈下,趋于衰败,一蹶不振●killtwobirdswithonestone一石二鸟,一箭双雕,一举两得●slipone’smind忘掉,不记得●holdwater(指理论等)经得起论证,站得住脚5as...as●astoughasnails身体强壮;非常坚强;不容易流露感情,铁石心肠●aslargeaslife千真万确(用于表示没有料到某人出现)●asdifferentaschalkandcheese截然不同,天壤之别●aseasyaspie/ABC极其简朴,极容易●aspoorasachurchmouse(asarat)非常贫穷6配对组合词(CombinedWords)●highanddry处境艰难,陷入困境,孤立无援●inblackandwhite白纸黑字●safeandsound安全,平安无恙●touchandgo一触即发,危险,不稳定7动词与其相应“动词+名词+介词”结构●looktak