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SSAT READING.doc

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1.In1892theSierraClubwasformed.In1908anareaofcoastalredwoodtreesnorthofSanFranciscowasestablishedasMuirWoodsNationalMonument.IntheSierraNevadamountainsawalkingtrailfromYosemiteValleytoMountWhitneywasdedicatedin1938.ItiscalledJohnMuirTrail.JohnMuirwasbornin1838inScotland.Hisfamilynamemeans“moor”whichisameadowfullofflowersandanimals.Johnlovednaturefromthetimehewassmall.Healsolikedtoclimbrockycliffsandwalls.WhenJohnwaselevenhisfamilymovedtotheUnitedStatesandsettledinWisconsin.Johnwasgoodwithtoolsandsoonbecameaninventor.Hefirstinventedamodelofasawmill.Laterheinventedanalarmclockthatwouldcausethesleepingpersontobetippedoutofbedwhenthetimersounded.Muirlefthomeatanearlyage.Hetookathousand-milewalksouthtotheGulfofMexicoin1867and1868.ThenhesailedforSanFrancisco.ThecitywastoonoisyandcrowdedforMuirsoheheadedinlandfortheSierraNevadas.WhenMuirdiscoveredtheYosemiteValleyintheSierraNevadasitwasasifhehadcomehome.Helovedthemountainsthewildlifeandthetrees.Heclimbedthemountainsandevenclimbedtreesduringthunderstormsinordertogetclosertothewind.Heputforththetheoryinthelate1860'sthattheYosemiteValleyhadbeenformedthroughtheactionofglaciers.Peopleridiculedhim.Notuntil1930wasMuir'stheoryprovencorrect.MuirbegantowritearticlesabouttheYosemiteValleytotellreadersaboutitsbeauty.HiswritingalsowarnedpeoplethatYosemitewasindangerfromtimberminingandsheepranchinginterests.In1901TheodoreRooseveltbecamepresidentoftheUnitedStates.Hewasinterestedinconservation.MuirtookthepresidentthroughYosemiteandRoosevelthelpedgetlegislationpassedtocreateYosemiteNationalParkin1906.AlthoughMuirwonmanyconservationbattleshelostamajorone.HefoughttosavetheHetchValleywhichpeoplew