8734895_普惠金融问题背景下小微企业融资研究.doc

摘要摘要I摘要“普惠金融”是联合国于2005年小额信贷年会上提出的概念强调每个人应当被赋予公平的获得金融服务的权利自提出以来引起了国内外的广泛关注。随着我国金融行业的不断发展很多金誕机构向普惠金融投入了更多目光在不断地推进普惠金融工作。2013年党的十八届三中全会上正式提出＂发展普惠金融＂将其写入党的执政纲领标志着我国普惠金融发展进入一个新的历史时期。小微企业是我国经济体系的基层细胞每年创造的最终产品和服务的价值占国内生产总值比重百分之六十以上为我国近三分之一的人口提供了就业机会。然而在我国小微企业由于规模小、对市场风险抵抗能力不强、信用指数较低、筹资渠道狭窄等原因在金融体系中经常受到规模歧视和所有制歧视融资过程中普遍面临的“难”和“贵”的问题极大地制约了小微企业成长发展。而仅仅在金融体系内进行改革无法从本质上解决这一问题普惠金融理念为小微企业融资难问题的解决提供了新思路带来了新机遇。本文以小微企业为研究对象探讨其在普惠金融背景下的融资现状以及存在的问题和成因进而提出解决融资难、融资贵的策略。关键词：普惠金融；小微企业融资；融资渠道ABSTRACTABSTRACTII3ABSTRACT"InclusiveFinance"isaconceptputforwardbytheUnitedNationsattheannualconferenceofmicrocreditin2005.Itemphasizesthateveryoneshouldbegivenfairaccesstofinancialserviceswhichhasattractedwideattentionathomeandabroadsinceitwasputforward.WiththecontinuousdevelopmentofChina'sfinancialindustrymanygoldeninstitutionshaveinvestedmoreattentioninInclusiveFinanceandareconstantlypromotingInclusiveFinance.In2013theThirdPlenarySessionofthe18thCPCCentralCommitteeformallyproposed"developingInclusiveFinance"andwroteitintotheparty'sgoverningprogrammarkinganewhistoricalperiodforthedevelopmentofInclusiveFinanceinChina.SmallandmicroenterprisesarethebasiccellsofChina'seconomicsystem.Thevalueofthefinalproductsandservicescreatedeachyearaccountsformorethan60%oftheGDPprovidingemploymentopportunitiesfornearlyonethirdofChina'spopulation.HoweverinChinasmallandmicroenterprisesareoftendiscriminatedbyscaleandownershipinthefinancialsystemduetotheirsmallscaleweakresistancetomarketrisklowcreditindexnarrowfinancingchannelsetc.theproblemsof"difficulty"and"expensive"inthefinancingprocesshavegreatlyrestrictedthegrowthanddevelopmentofsmallandmicroenterprises.Howeverthereformonlyinthefinancialsystemcannotsolvethisprobleminessence.TheconceptofInclusiveFinanceprovidesnewideasandopportunitiesf