论畲族歌言的教育功能 钟雪兵终稿.docx

摘要畲族是一个虽没有本族文字却能另辟蹊径使用歌言来进行民间叙事的少数民族。他们通常以歌叙事、以歌寄情、以歌言礼。在传统的畲族历史文化里畲族人民用山歌寄寓本民族忠勇孝廉、勤劳善良等精神指向并通过血脉相承的民歌演述仪俗对民众进行系统的世俗化教育以达到民族文化教育之目标。畲族歌言不仅可以传承祖先遗训也可以警示、教育后人如具有伦理教育功能的《劝世歌》《孝顺歌》和涉及生产、生活等知识的《十二月采茶歌》《二十四节气歌》等。畲族歌言不仅是本民族人民人际交往、情感交流的生活语言更是畲族族群理想、道德乃至世界观建构的重要载体。但由于城镇化的快速发展以及经济市场的快速转型导致畲族歌言文化出现了一定的危机出现无人保护和继承的困境畲族歌言文化的教育功能也在逐渐消失。文章通过聚焦畲族歌言文化特别针对其在村落文明建构中的教育功能进行较为系统的阐析提出复兴畲族歌言文化的相应措施以促进畲族歌言文化的传承与发展。关键词：畲族；歌言文化；教育功能AbstractTheSheethicgroupisaminoritywhichcanopenupanewwaytousefolksongsforfolknarrationeventhoughthereisnonativescript.Theyusuallytonarratesendaffectionandgiveriteswiththeirnativesongs.InthetraditionalhistoryandcultureoftheSheethicgroupthepeopleoftheSheethicgroupusedfolksongstoconveytheirspiritualorientationsofloyaltyfilialpietyindustriousnesskindnessetcandthroughthefolksongsofbloodtoperformritualssystematicallyeducatethepeopleinordertoachievethegoalofnationalculturaleducation.SongsoftheSheethicgroupcannotonlyinheritthelegacyofancestorsbutalsowarnandeducatefuturegenerationssuchas“ExhortationSong”“FilialSong”whichhaveethicaleducationfunctionsand"TeapickinginDecemberSong"and"Twenty-foursolartermsSong"relatedtoknowledgeofproductionandlife.SongsoftheSheethicgrouparenotonlythelifelanguageofinterpersonalcommunicationandemotionalcommunicationofthepeoplelinvinginthisethnicgroupbutalsoanimportantcarrieroftheconstructionoftheidealsmoralsandevenworldoutlookoftheSheethnicgroup.HoweverduetotherapiddevelopmentofurbanizationandtherapidtransformationoftheeconomicmarkettherehasbeenacertaincrisisinShefolksongcultureandthereisadilemmaofunprotectedandinheritedandtheeducationalfunctionofShefolksongcultureisgraduallydisappearing.ThisarticlefocusesonShepeople'ssongcultureandsystematicallyanalyzesitseducationalfunctionintheconstruc