论国际贸易中根本性违约对货物风险转移的影响 最终稿.docx

论国际贸易中根本性违约对货物风险转移的影响【摘要】在经济全球化的背景下国际贸易所占比重越来越大。为了贸易能顺利进行人们都愿意签订国际贸易合同并且以约定的法律体系作为统一标准以解决各种问题。当合同中一方没有完全履行合同的规定就构成违约以违约造成的严重程度为标准公约分为根本违约与非根本违约。根本性违约的后果比非根本性违约的后果更严重而且在救济方法上可以选择解除合同。在发生根本性违约的前提下此时贸易的货物因不可归责于买卖双方当事人的原因发生损毁或灭失时此时的货物风险承担者将是利益的受损方因此为了确定双方的利益和责任我们必须判定发生损害时的货物风险归谁所有。因为货物风险的转移时间节点和方向是影响贸易双方利益的基本条件。只有在了解根本性违约对货物风险转移的影响才能使买卖双方减少对自己不利的条款签订以及后续进行利益的维护。【关键词】国际贸易；联合国国际货物销售合同公约；根本性违约；风险转移；企业利益OntheImpactofFundamentalBreachofContractonRiskTransferofGoodsinInternationalTrade[Abstract]Inthecontextofeconomicglobalizationthenumberofinternationaltradesisincreasing.Inorderfortradetoproceedsmoothlypeoplearewillingtosigninternationaltradecontractsandusethe"UnitedNationsConventiononContractsfortheInternationalSaleofGoods"asaunifiedstandardtosolvevariousproblems.Whenapartyfailstoperformallorpartobligationsaccordingtothecontractagreementitconstitutesabreachofcontract.Accordingtotheseriousnessoftheconsequencesbreachofcontractisdividedintofundamentalbreachandnonfundamentalbreach.Theresultoffundamentalbreachwillbemoreseriousthannonfundamentalbreachandthecontractcanbecancelled.Underthefundamentalbreachthetradedgoodsaredamagedordestroyedduetoreasonsthatcannotbeblamedonthepartiestothebuyerandthesellerthebearerofthegoodsatthistimewillbetheinjuredparty.ThereforeinordertodetermineForthebenefitsandresponsibilitieswemustdeterminewhoownstheriskofthegoodswhendamageoccurs.Becausethetimenodeanddirectionofthetransferofcargorisksarethebasicconditionsthataffecttheinterestsofbothpartiestothetrade.Understandingtheimpactoffundamentaldefaultsonthetransferofcommodityriskswillhelpbuyersandsellersreduceadverseconditionsandsignsubsequentbenefits.[Keywords]internationaltradeUnitedNationsConventiononContractsfortheInternationalSaleofGoodsfundamentalbreach