从文化角度看习语翻译.docx

从文化角度看习语翻译【摘要】习语是语言文化的结晶缺少了习语语言将会变得索然无味。习语在语言中的应用比比皆是在写作或演说中适当地使用习语将会使篇章增色加强语言的力量使语言更形象。奈达曾说过习语是比任何非习语更具冲击力的表达它带有一种语言和文化的识别特征。习语被广泛应用于各类写作和演说中如在文学作品中在科学著作中在政治演说中甚至在美国习语都成为辩论中唇枪舌战的武器。美国第16届总统亚伯拉罕·林肯在他一篇著名演说中引用了圣经里的一句话：“互相分裂的房子无法站立。”来号召美国人民团结一致反对黑奴制度停止内战。美国人对圣经的内容都很熟悉他们为此深受感动。林肯废奴运动也取得了很好的结果。既然习语在语言运用中有如此重要地位那么恰到好处地翻译习语将有助于跨文化交流。中英不同的文化使得英汉习语在表达上有很大差异也使得翻译中容易产生误译因此加强对英汉习语文化内涵差异的了解有着重要意义。本文在探讨英汉习语文化内涵差异的基础上提出了四种翻译方法:直译法、意译法、意象转移法、增删法。【关键词】习语；文化；习语翻译【Abstract】Idiomshavinguniversalappealarewidelyrecognizedastheessenceorthecrystallizationoflanguage.Withoutidiomslanguagewouldbecomedullanddrywhereasanappropriateuseoftheminspeechandwritingwilladdmuchtovarietystrengthandvividnessofthelanguage.Idiomsusuallycarrymoreimpactthannone-idiomaticexpressionsbecauseoftheircloseidentificationwithaparticularlanguageandculture.Idiomsarewidelyusedinalmostallkindsofspeechesandwritings:theycanbefoundinliteraryworksinscientificandpoliticalarticles;evendebatesintheUnitedNationsareofteninterspersedwithidiomswhichbecomeverbalweaponsthataredifficulttoargueagainst.The16thUSPresidentAbrahamLincolnoncequotedanidiomderivedfromtheBible:“Ahousedividedagainstitselfcannotstand.”inoneofhisfamousspeechcallingonpeopletofightagainstslaveryandCivilWar.AmericanpeoplewhowerefamiliarwiththeBibleweregreatlyimpressedandLincoln’santislaverycampaignatlastyieldedfruitfulresult.Thusidiomsholdanimportantpositioninlanguageuseanadequatetranslationofidiomsisnotonlyhelpfulbutalsoessentialininterculturalcommunication.ThispaperattemptstomakeabriefcomparativestudyoftheculturesembodiedinChineseandEnglishidiomsandexplorestheroleofthecultureinunderstandingandrenderingofbothEnglishandChineseidioms.【KeyWords】Idioms;culture;thetranslationofidioms1.IntroductionCulturalstudieshavecurrentlybeenprevai