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2007级药学(本科)药理学试题2010.1.6.一.名词解释:(每小题2分共20分)Pharmacodynamics:Sidereaction:TherapeuticIndex:Apparentvolumeofdistribution:Eliminationhalf-life:奎尼丁晕厥:Calciumchannelblocker:ACEI:PBPs:烷化剂:二.单选题:(每题1分共10分)1.Thesetofpropertiesthatcharacterizetheeffectsofthebodyonadrugiscalled()(A)Lipidsolubility(B)Permeation(渗入)(C)PharmacodynamicsPharmacokinetics(E)Protonation(质子化作用)2.Distributionofdrugtospecifictissues()IsindependentofbloodfloodflowtotheorganIsindependentofthesolubilityofthedruginthattissueDependsontheunbounddrugconcentrationgradientbetweenbloodandthetissueIsincreasedfordrugsthatarestronglyboundtoplasmaproteinsHasnoeffectonthehalf-lifeofthedrug3.Thesetofpropertiesthatcharacterizetheeffectsofadrugonthebodyiscalled()AbsorptionPharmacodynamicsEliminationFirst-orderkineticsDistribution4.Whichofthefollowingtermsbestdescribesadrugthatblockstheactionofepinephrineatitsreceptorsbyoccupyingthosereceptorswithoutactivatingthem?()NoncompetitiveantagonistPartialagonistPhysiologicantagonistChemicalantagonistPharmacologicantagonist5.Allofthefollowingagentsdilatethepupilexceptwhichone?()(A)Ephedrine.(B)Hydroxyamphetamine.(羟苯异丙胺)(C)Phenylephrine.(新福林)(D)Morphine.6.下列哪项是减弱硝酸酯类治疗心绞痛的因素?()A.心率加快B.心室容积缩小C.心室压力降低D.心脏体积缩小7.抑制碳酸酐酶可降低青光眼压应选用()A.AtropinB.乙酰唑胺C.新福林D.Pilocarpine8.Lidocaine延长有效不应期主要是因为()A.抑制Na+内流B.促K+外流C.抑制K+外流D.抑制Ca2+内流和K+的外流9.治疗粘液性水肿宜选用()A.卡比马唑B.碘化钾C.T3、T4D.促皮质素10.阿米卡星的杀菌作用机制是()A.与核蛋白体50S亚基结合抑制转肽及mRNA(A位→P位)移位因而抑制细菌蛋白质合成;B.与30S-50S复合物结合mRNA翻译停止或错译产生无功用蛋白;C.与核糖体30S亚单位A位结合阻止始动复合物形成及氨基酰-tRNA进入抑制肽链延长和蛋白质合成;D.与核糖体50S亚基结合抑制肽酰基转移酶活性阻止肽链延伸抑制蛋白质合成。三.填空题:(每题1分共10分)1.肌松药筒箭毒碱中毒可用()解救。2.肾上腺素的翻转作用是因为()作用被取消而()作用仍存在产生降压作用。3.β受体阻断药因能阻断肾小球球旁细胞的β1受体而抑制()的释放。4.治疗癫痫持续状态的首选药是()