中职教育英语基础模块下册Beijing Opera课文翻译.pdf

中职教育英语基础模块下册BeijingOpera课文翻译原文：PekingOperaoneofthemajoroperasinChinahasahistoryofnearly200years.ItwasformedonthebasisofHuiOperaandHanOperaabsorbingtheadvantagesandspecialtiesofsomeoperatypessuchasKunquoperaandQinOpera.Itwasin1790(the55thyearoftheReignofEmperorQianlongoftheQingDynasty)thatthefirstHuiOperatroupecametoBeijingwasthefamousAnhuiSanqingTroupefollowedbysixitroupeHechunTroupeandChuntaiTroupecollectivelyknownasthe"FourHuiClasses".AfterthefourhuitroupescametoBeijingtheyevolvedintoPekingOperaafter50to60yearsofintegrationwithkunquoperaHanOperaGoyangoperaandChaotictanoperainBeijing.PekingOperaalsoknownaspihuangiscomposedoftwobasictones:XipiandErhuangbutitalsosingssomesmalllocaltunes(liuzituneguaiqiangtuneetc.)andKunquOpera.PekingOperaisakindofcomprehensiveperformingartwhichintegratessingingrecitingactingfightinganddancing.Ittellsstoriesportrayscharactersandexpressesdifferentthoughtsandfeelingsthroughregularmeansofperformance.TherolesofPekingOperaarestrictlydividedintosevenprofessions:shengDanJingMoChouwuxingandpop(dragonset)intheearlystageandlaterintofourprofessions:livingDanandJingChou.Thecharactersalsohaveloyaltyandtreacherybeautyanduglinessandgoodandevil.PekingOperareallydeservestobethequintessenceofChina!翻译：京剧是我国主要剧种之一至今已有将近两百年的历史。它是在徽戏和汉戏的基础上吸收了昆曲、秦腔等一些戏曲剧种的优点和特长逐渐演变而形成的。徽戏进京是在公元1790年（清乾隆五十五年）最早进京的徽戏班是安徽著名的“三庆班”随后又有“四喜”、“和春”、“春台”诸班进京合称“四大徽班”。四大徽班进京后与北京剧坛的昆曲、汉剧、戈阳、乱弹等剧种经过五、六十年的融汇演变成为了京剧。京剧也称“皮黄”有“西皮”和“二黄”两种基本腔调组成但也兼唱一些地方小曲调（如柳子腔、吹腔等）和昆曲曲牌。京剧是一种综合性表演艺术集唱（歌唱）、念（念白）、做（表演）、打（武打）、舞（舞蹈）为一体通过程式的表演手段叙演故事刻画人物表达各种不同的思想感情。京剧角色的行当划分比较严格早期分为生、旦、净、末、丑、武行、流行（龙套）七行以后归为生、旦、净丑四大行当人物还有忠奸之分、美丑之分、善恶之分。京剧真不愧是中国的国粹啊！