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高速FPGA PCB设计指南.pdf

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GuidelinesforDesigningHigh-SpeedFPGAPCBsFebruary2004ver.1.1ApplicationNoteIntroductionOverthepastfiveyearsthedevelopmentoftrueanalogCMOSprocesseshasledtotheuseofhigh-speedanalogdevicesinthedigitalarena.Systemspeedsof150MHzandhigherhavebecomecommonfordigitallogic.Systemsthatwereconsideredhighendandhighspeedafewyearsagoarenowcheaplyandeasilyimplemented.Howeverthisintegrationoffastsystemspeedsbringswithitthechallengesofanalogsystemdesigntoadigitalworld.Thisdocumentisaguidelineforprintedcircuitboard(PCB)layoutsanddesignsassociatedwithhigh-speedsystems.“Highspeed”doesnotjustmeanfastercommunicationrates(e.g.fasterthan1gigabitpersecond(Gbps)).Atransistor-transistorlogic(TTL)signalwitha600-psrisetimeisalsoconsideredahigh-speedsignal.ThisopensuptheentirePCBtocarefulandtargetedboardsimulationanddesign.Thedesignermustconsideranydiscontinuitiesontheboard.The“Time-DomainReflectometry”and“Discontinuity”sectionsexplainhowtoeliminatediscontinuitiesonaPCB.Somesourcesofdiscontinuitiesareviasrightangledbendsandpassiveconnectors.The“Termination”sectionexplainsaboutterminationsforsignalsonPCBs.Theplacementandselectionofterminationresistorsarecriticalinordertoav